866
KLINICKÁ341804301074588109168189242288347
FARMAKOLOGIE708804301074392139212266313373416475534555599
A13288043010753
FARMACIE1402804301074292139211266317337381
/18048043010757
Klin1880804301077091109157
Farmakol2057804301074279105179220258305325
Farm2402804301074178105179
2021;2601804301074486128167177
35(3):2798804301074485107149170185
87–953003804301074485126170213
/32368043010756
www.klinickafarmakologie.cz4568804301076513320121425327329234035839843647950254457164568672477179183988990895196610061045
941828026012657115
ABSTRAKTA341207012668132191250313385452514578
9.34036501063245
ČESKO‑SLOVENSKÁ39936501063365100135174203233263302340372413446481523
KONFERENCIA93736501063473114145177213245287321339379
KLINICKEJ13303650106356684125143177213245272
FARMAKOLÓGIE161736501062967103157198233272304343383400432
need34062301074891134182
to54062301073277
come63562301074489161203
up856623010752100
with97462301076987113159
a1151623010745
study121462301073865111159198
design,142962301075496128144192238251
with169862301077087113160
adequate187662301074592135183229267293333
endpoints222762301074895142190237255301326359
to260462301073276
assess269862301074577109151183214
effect3407630107446591132172200
of55876301074365
an64076301073682
intervention7407630107146085125150192233279304321367414
onDILI117276301074389160178216233
clinical14237630107355268114131169209226
outcomes166676301074390116152197269311343
and202776301073682129
to217476301072368
set22597630107297197
up237476301074390
a2482763010736
Network253676301075294120186232257293
of284776301074365
centers34090301074081127152193218250
for6089030107216792
clinical7189030107375571117134172212229
research9659030107246597140178202240286
including126990301071662101118164211228274322
Transplant16099030107395898144176223241280326351
centers197890301073778124149190215247
to224390301072670
achieve233190301073977124140182221263
this26129030107257188119
goal.274990301074693133150164
The480104301074290132
multidisciplinary6301043010772118135161178225242273312329376394411457496520562
collaborative1209104301073984101118157205252277317342359399440
approach1667104301073987135160206245284330
of2015104301074669
ProEuroDILINet2101104301074468113154198223268325343381398454496522
(https://264110430107226994123171202216248271
proeurodilinet.eu)340118301075075120163209234279327344361378424466492507549595615
provides972118301074874119157175222264296
an1286118301073986
ideal1390118301071764106144162
environment1569118301074289126144169214261332375421446
for203311830107226893
innovation.2144118301071763109156194234259276322369384
COST’s4801323010751107146188203233
support731132301073883131179226251281
for103013230107287499
networking1147132301075295121187232258294313359407
led1571132301072466115
to1703132301073378
important1799132301072395142190215244284330355
effects217213230107487096137177205238
at2428132301074671
the2517132301073279121
level2656132301072466105146164
of2838132301075275
individual340146301071966115132172191239286325343
researchers701146301073274107150190215253300344369402
and1122146301074693142
their1282146301073481124142167
institutions,1467146301072471103131149176223250268315363395409
which18951463010771119136175223
included2136146301072471111128175224267316
the2471146301073380124
building26131463010755103120138186204251299
of340160301074870
trust428160301072954101132159
of605160301075072
the695160301072976118
participating831160301075191116145162200217265305330347393441
partners1290160301075191115144191233258291
and1598160301074389137
the1753160301072976118
promotion1889160301075176122194241266283329376
of2283160301075072
interdisciplinary237316030107206691132157203220251290306354372389435474498539
partnerships340174301075192118148196240266299347365414447
and806174301074794144
STSMs,968174301074891133203236251
fostering1238174301072976109137180205224271320
international157717430107257298140166215255281299347395436454
publications20501743010756104153172189229270296314362410443
that2512174301073381121148
would26791743010771119167185234
smooth3401883010734105152199224271
the629188301072874117
further76418830107247195125171213238
joint102018830107206683129154
international119218830107206691131156203242267284331377416433
research1643188301072769100143181206243289
projects1950188301075075121138180219248281
and2249188301074187135
a24021883010741
road2461188301072772112160
map26391883010774113161
on2817188301074996
DILI.340202301075875112129143
Actions500202301074784112128174219250
to767202301072367
compromise851202301073578150196221265336353383424
ECI,1293202301073684100114
increase142420230107135996120161198229271
their1712202301072268109126150
leadership,187920230107145592139181205236281298344356
providementorship2253202301074468112150167214255340382427452495520552597613660
and340216301074187135
ease493216301074180111154
their665216301072672114131156
way8392163010763102139
forward99621630107226893159199223270
are1284216301073963104
underway.1406216301074693140182207273313350360
The480230301074188130
exceptional627230301073875112151198223239285330368385
situation102923030107284470115153177194239285
of1331230301074264
COVID1914122303010746100142160215271306
pandemic1735230301074483128175216287303340
represents2093230301072161108132172203245290314347
amajor24572303010735120158175220244
scien‑271823030107286683124169194
tific3402443010727446583120
challenge478244301073480118134150192237284325
that820244301072368106131
have968244301074381118158
clearly114424430107345192129153170208
hampered1369244301074381151198240264304352
the1738244301072268109
full18652443010718648197
intended197924430107145983123168215256304
achievements2300244301073573118134175214254325366412436468
and2786244301073580127
objectives340258301074896113156195223240280321353
of711258301074668
EU797258301074093
COST9082583010749105144186
Actions.1112258301075088116133180226258273
The1402258301074088131
COVID-1915502583010750105149167223252288324
pandemic1892258301074888134182224296313351
has2261258301074685116
highly2395258301074763111157174212
reduced2625258301072566114160198239287
the340272301072874117
mobility4752723010778125173190207224250291
and784272301074692140
networking941272301075396122188234259295314360408
possibilities13672723010754101133165181229246263280306323365397
that1782272301073279118143
our1943272301075399124
COST20852723010756111151192
Action2295272301075895124141187234
wanted25472723010770109155181221270
to2835272301073277
develop.340286301074991130172189235284297
Indeed,655286301071965113155198247260
traveling93328630107285393131172190206252300
and1251286301074187135
the1404286301072874117
movement15392863010774120159200272314361386
of1943286301074870
people2031286301075093140189206249
has2297286301074988119
been2434286301075093136183
severely2635286301073376115156181222239278
affected.34030030107416388130169198239287301
To659300301074586
mitigate762300301077794120137184223248289
impact1069300301072293141181219248
on1335300301075097
the1450300301073177120
COST15873003010754110149191
Action1796300301075593122139185232
goals2046300301075198138155186
we22493003010768110
have2377300301075190127169
organized2564300301075076122161207224259300348
virtual34031430107415883112158197214
meetings5723143010778121164190207253300331
–9213143010749
across988314301074684109154186218
the1223314301073379121
COST‑DILI13623143010756112151193214271289327345
Action.1725314301075794123140186233247
Hopefully19903143010761108156199221268285302340
we23483143010770111
may24773143010778117154
resume2649314301073172104149221263
on‑site340328301074895121153170196237
meetings5943283010772115158184201247294325
in937328301071763
the1018328301072673115
second1151328301073274114158205253
semester1422328301073274146188220247288313
of1753328301074668
2021.1839328301074283123160170
COST3403535014368142194250
DILI6153535014377100151174
Lecture8143535014353107160198259292346
111853535014358
MAFLD3403815014393162214264339
&7043815014361
DILI:790381501437194145168186
Clinical1001381501436790112173195246299321
and13473815014354115178
Pathophysiological15513815014359110143205267331393442485506568591653717739791843866
Interactions340395501432587120174206259311349371433495536
Anna3404110012364120176226
Licata586411001234872116167201251
Internal340426101092271100143173222265286
Medicine6444261010971117168188228248297342
&10044261010954
Hepatology10764261010958103154198226275296345396438
Unit,15324261010958107127156175
PROMISE,1725426101094794156228249292336354
University20974261010958107127170214243279299328372
of2488426101094874
Palermo,2580426101094789110155184259308325
Italy34044010109225194115157
Introduction:480467801122577108141192244295335368392442493515
MAFLD,10064683010770120159196252263
metabolic12874683010768110136175222269286302340
associated164546830107366798144183199237262302350
fatty201346830107185883111152
liver218246830107143069110134
disease233446830107446091133170202243
describes2595468301074485117155180197244286318
all34048230107415875
liver43348230107203676117142
diseases59348230107506797140178210252284
associated895482301074273105151191208246272312361
with1273482301076684110157
metabolic14484823010774117143182230278295312350
dysfunctions,1816482301075089121144191238276305322368415446460
being2294482301075194111157204
the2516482301072976118
hepatic2652482301074992140179205222260
manifestation3404963010774113159176198240271299338363380427474
of831496301074972
a9214963010741
systemic980496301073574106134174246263301
and1299496301074289136
heterogeneous1453496301074992118159183228277319365408455501532
disorder.200349630107506798145170216259283294
It2315496301072046
is2379496301072051
characterized2447496301074288127151191230258299324341376417466
by340510301075087
great445510301074469110148173
variability636510301073675100117156203221238254280321
among9755103010736107154201248
affected124151030107365883125164192233281
patients,1540510301074585110127169215240273287
based1845510301074584116158206
on2069510301074390
age,2177510301073683125138
gender,2333510301074486132180222247256
ethnicity,2607510301073965111157174213229255296306
genetic340524301074991138180206223261
predisposition,619524301074772113162179210257304336352379396442489502
metabolic11395243010771114140179227274292309347
disease150452430107466394136175206249
and1771524301073884131
gut1920524301074692119
microbiota,2056524301077188127151197245262308334374388
which24615243010763109126165211
in2690524301071662
turn277052430107257195142
generate340538301074992139182207247273314
different67353830107547194120162187229276301
phenotype9925383010755103146193240266307356400
of1410538301075476
high1504538301075471119166
level1688538301072467106148166
of1872538301075376
clinical196653830107456380126143182223240
complexity.2224538301074691164213231273312330356398408
MAFLD26505383010776128168206263
patients340552301075090115132174220245278
have636552301074483121163
an817552301073683
increased91855230107156199124165204235277326
cardiovascular1262552301073675100146163209248288319358404421460484
risk176455230107234071107
and1889552301073783131
thus,2038552301072370116147161
are2217552301073761102
exposed2337552301074078126174205248296
to2651552301072469
poly‑2737552301074694111150175
pharmacy.340566301075096135159232270309349359
DILI,717566301075371109126140
which8745663010760107124162208
acts1100566301073574102135
synergisticallywithMAFLD,1253566301072968115157181228244275302319357397414430468546563589636718769809846902913
refers218456630107226384126150183
to2384566301072368
adverse2470566301073683122163188220262
drug2750566301074468115162
reactions340580301072768106145173190237283315
involving672580301071764101147165204221268315
the1005580301072672115
liver113858030107173473114139
due1295580301074793135
to1448580301072671
xenobiotics,1537580301073677124170219236282308325363396410
at1965580301073965
the2048580301072672115
usual2180580301074678123162179
dose.2377580301074793125168181
Main4805938011276124148201
text:698593801122977124159182
Several899594301073881120163188229247
studies1165594301072957104153170213246
have1430594301074484122164
shown1613594301073077124188236
that1867594301072472111137
patients2023594301074687113131173221246280
with2322594301076179106154
chronic2495594301073683108154202219259
liver277259430107163373115141
disease34060830107496798142181213256
have615608301074484123165
increased799608301071562101127169208241284333
risk115160830107224172109
of1279608301074467
death1365608301074588127153200
or1584608301074470
liver167360830107153373115141
transplant183260830107245091138170218237276324349
after220060830107376090132157
DILI.2376608301075573112130146
A25406083010749
prospec‑2608608301074672118150199243283304
tive34062230107284686128
study487622301073866114162201
carried707622301074586111138156199248
on9746223010753100
by1093622301075593
DILIN,1205622301076382121139195210
showed1434622301073885133197239288
that1741622301073380120146
101906622301074987
%20126223010771
of2102622301075376
patients2197622301075495121139182229255289
developing2505622301075497137179197245294312359408
DILI340636301075876115132
with491636301076078105151
pre‑existing661636301074570112140184222240271299317363411
liver109063630107153272113138
diseases124763630107446293136174206249281
had1546636301074483131
grater1696636301074469109135176201
mortality,19156363010769116142171211229246273314324
maybe22586363010769108145194237
due2514636301074490133
to2665636301072469
such2752636301072975114160
comorbidities,340650301074085157204229278295343360387404446479493
as851650301073769
diabetes.938650301074462100148191218259291306
This1263650301073785102133
study1415650301072956103150189
confirmed1622650301073681128150168193265308356
previously1997650301074570112151169215262293310349
obtained2364650301074392118158175221264312
results269465030107236496141159185219
in340664301071966
which4256643010763110128167214
patients658664301074889115133176223249283
with959664301076382109156
visceral113466430107395789129170196237255
adiposity1407664301073988106154202235252279321
had1747664301074686134
a19006643010739
fourfold1958664301072168115141167213232281
increase2257664301071764104129171211243286
of2562664301074669
DILI2650664301075675114132
risk280166430107244374111
when3406783010764111153200
exposed558678301073977125173204247295
to871678301072468
common958678301073580152223270317
drugs.1293678301074469116163194210
Recently,1521678301074083122163209235252291301
it1840678301071441
has1899678301074483114
been2032678301074488131177
clarified222767830107365392117134157175217265
that2511678301072369108134
MAFLD26636783010765116156193250
patients340692301075090117135177225251285
are643692301073863105
at767692301073763
major8496923010770110128175201
risk106969230107234173110
of1198692301074467
DILI1284692301075473112130
development1433692301074588128170189236285359402449475
withmore1927692301076180107154243290317359
severe2304692301073074113156181223
outcomes,2546692301074492119157202275319352367
because340706301074992132172217249291
of649706301074466
impaired733706301071586134174191216257305
drug1056706301074569116164
processing,1238706301074570116155196228260276323370384
modified16417063010768115163181203221264312
toxicological1971706301072368105122161206224270319336374414432
responses242170630107226395143190237268311343
and2782706301073683130
immune340720301071991164211258301
or660720301074571
inflammatory75072030107166386107147220292332358404430472
response124172030107246699147195243275319
modified15787203010772119168186209228271320
by1917720301074785
metabolic20217203010771115142182231279298315355
factors.2395720301072162101131177203236252
On26667203010757106
this279072030107267391122
regard,340734301072667116154179226240
some598734301072975147190
drugs,806734301074469115163194208
as1032734301073768
glucocorticoids,1118734301074562107146191230275300330347386430448495526541
valproate,167773430107367693141166211251276317330
didanosine,2025734301074562109148194241272289335377391
methotrexate,24347343010768111137183230256281322360399425466479
tamoxifen340748301072868141189226244267310357
and716748301074087135
others870748301074774121164190223
are1112748301074066108
responsible1238748301072668101149198245277295343362405
of1662748301074770
a17517483010740
clinical181074830107395775122139179219237
picture2066748301074967106136183208250
of2335748301074770
drug‑induced2424748301074874121170197216263312358398439488
steatohepatitis,340762301073361102141167212260303351391417435462479511526
in884762301071562
which9647623010761108125164211
such1194762301072975114161
drugs1373762301074570117165197
may15887623010769109146
acts1753762301073676105138
as1910762301073769
inducing1997762301071561109156195212259307
de2322762301074588
novo2428762301074491130176
steatosis262376230107295798137163208241258289
or340776301074874
worsen4337763010764111137170213261
a7127763010740
pre‑existing771776301074975117145190229247279307325372421
condition.1210776301074085133182199227244292339355
Conclusion:3180618011254103155195219270309333384435457
Given365062301075673113154200
the386862301072471113
increased399962301071561100125166204236278326
risk43436230107234071107
of446862301074466
MAFLD4552623010766117157194251
patients482162301074585111128170216241274
for51136230107206591
developing522262301074587126167185231279297343390
severe304076301073476115156181222
DILI,328076301076077116133147
several344476301073578117158183223240
studies370276301073562108156172214246
are396676301074267108
needed409276301075092135183225274
in438476301072066
order446876301074974121163187
to467376301073074
establish476576301074577104144192210226257303
criteria50867630107416684110151175193231
for53357630107257196
early544976301074583108126164
diagnosis,304090301074966104152198245276293324338
comorbidities339690301073883155202227276293340357383400442474
and388890301073986133
risk40399030107254273109
stratification.41669030107325984124149166188206245284310327373420434
COST30401155014368142194250
DILI33151155014377100151174
Lecture35141155014353107160198259292346
238851155014358
Clinical3040143501436891113174196247300322
Trials3387143501435580103154177218
and36301435014353115178
Drug‑Induced38331435014377111172236270295357420481532586650
Liver4508143501435376128183215
Injury:4749143501432485107168200255275
Where50491435014398161217249304
do53781435014364126
We30401575014398151
Stand3217157501435486139200264
and35061575014353115178
Future37091575014355113148209242296
Perspectives40311575014359112145188251308361399421473528571
Ismael3040173001232667151201252277
Alvarez‑Alvarez1,3337173001236387138188222273317346408433483533568619663399717370723143
24052173707230
1Unidad304018870642730651881010958107128178221271
de3355188101094994
Gestión34681881010957103138168188237287
Clínica377318810109517192141161201245
de4036188101095095
Aparato41491881010954105148177220249297
Digestivo,4464188101095980130175210240260303351368
Servicio4851188101094388117163184223244293
de3040202101095196
Farmacología3154202101094382111186229269317338387438458501
Clínica,367320210109517192141161201244263
Instituto3954202101092170105135155184233263311
de4283202101095095
Investigación4396202101092170112155190220241290333373393442492
Biomédica4906202101094869118193238289309349392
de3040216101095196
Málaga,31542161010971115135178228271289
Hospital34612161010958108143193214243286307
Universitario37862161010958107127170214243279299328372400421470
Virgen4274216101095071100150195244
de4536216101095095
la4650216101092063
Victoria,4731216101094971111142190219240283301
Universidad50502161010958107127170214243279299349392443
de5511216101095095
Málaga,30402301010972116136179229272290
Málaga33482301010972115136178228271
2Centro30402447064273067244101095296145174203251
de3337244101095095
Investigación3450244101092070111155190220240290333373393442492
Biomédica3960244101094868117192237288309349392
en4370244101094494
Red4482244101094893144
de4644244101095095
Enfermedades4757244101094493118163192267312363406456501536
Hepáticas30402581010959104155198227247287330365
y34232581010942
Digestivas3483258101095980130175210240260303346381
(CIBERehd),388225810109257595143187235280329380405421
Madrid,43212581010972115166195215266284
Spain4623258101094494137158207
Introduction:3180285801122578111146198252305346380406458511534
There3729286301074190134160202
is3950286301071648
no4017286301074592
specific4128286301073079123164182205225264
therapy4411286301072572116142182231270
approved4700286301073786135162208248290339
for505928630107206793
idiosyncratic517128630107166482129162203251291317358384403442
drug‑induced3040300301074976124174202222270320367408451501
liver356130030107264485129156
injury373630030107267493140167210
(DILI).3966300301073089108149168191205
Therapeutical4191300301074898143169211261306354382401442483502
options47133003010755105133152200249282
tested5015300301073577111140183233
in5268300301072674
rando‑5362300301073375123173221250
mized3040314301077492129172222
clinical328231430107405978125144184226245
trials354631430107295575115134166
(RCTs)3732314301072470121167194215
have3966314301074990130173
yielded4159314301074059103122171215265
inconclusive4444314301071967108154203244262310343361402445
findings.490931430107244492141160208257290307
Within5235314301077494123171189237
the5492314301072876121
Working30403283010774120147185206253303
Group3363328301075380128176225
436083283010742
of3669328301074670
the3759328301072573118
COST38963283010749107148191
ACTION41073283010751100145165226284
171124411328301074278119154191
(PRO‑EURO4622328301072166111171201245300345406
DILI5047328301075676116135
NETWORK),5202328301075597141219279325370397410
we30403423010767112
performed31733423010758105133161211239316363415
a36093423010749
systematic3679342301074184120150194271313342362404
review4104342301073479122142188255
and4380342301074999151
meta‑analysis45523423010783129158201231274324366386428464483517
to5090342301073684
summarize5195342301074291167243286314334373417
the3040356301072876120
design3180356301075397131149198246
and3446356301074593142
findings360835630107274795144163211260293
of3921356301075276
RCTs40163563010750101146174
in4209356301072371
the4300356301073180124
prevention4444356301075380123164207255282301349398
and4861356301074593143
management50233563010778119167207257301374419467494
of5536356301075276
idiosyncratic304037030107196887135168209258299325367394413453
DILI.3513370301075878118137153
Main31803838011276125151204
text:3402383801123988136172196
A36183843010759
systematic3697384301074081115144186260301328347387
literature410438430107264472115141183210258284328
search4451384301074085125151190238
up47093843010754104
to4833384301073481
January4933384301073878127174215241284
31st,5237384301075089117146162
2020,5419384301075093135178193
was30403983010765107140
performed.32003983010756101127154202229303348398414
We36343983010780122
used3776398301075487132182
a39773983010748
recognized4045398301073376117164214262281317360410
scale4475398301074081123142186
to4680398301073581
assess4781398301074881114159192226
methodological50273983010780124152200249299347367415466484525566585
bias.3040412301075069109142159
After3219412301075376108150177
screening3416412301073374100143188236255303352
and3788412301074189138
review3946412301072770111130174239
candidate4205412301074081129179198247287314357
manuscripts,45824123010774114163210243284310329379406441457
we50594123010765109
included5187412301071967108127174223268318
225524412301074488
RCTs,3040426301074597142169185
123245426301074582
on3347426301074997
prevention3464426301075077120161204252279298346395
and3878426301074290139
104037426301074584
on4141426301074997
management42584263010775115163204254298371416464491
of4768426301074973
DILI.4861426301075978118137154
Silymarin,503442630107436180120194235261281329344
bicyc‑5398426301075069110152192214
lol,304044030107196887102
magnesium31624403010781122171220264298316364438
isoglycyrrhizinate3619440301072659107158177217257299327354403422458478526567594637
and4275440301074896146
N‑acetylcysteine4441440301076492133174217245287307348390424454496515563607
were50684403010772116142185
the5273440301073583128
most54214403010780129162192
common3040454301074087161234283332
compounds3391454301074491165214263312360409442
tested.3853454301073174107136179229245
Only41184543010764113132172
a43104543010744
minor4374454301077796144192219
proportion4613454301075380127177226253284303351400
of5033454301075175
RCTs51284543010749101146173
showed5321454301073785133198241292
a30404683010741
strong310146830107366591138187236
methodological33574683010776121148197245295343363411461480520562581
design3957468301075296129148197245
with4222468301076786114163
low4404468301072270135
risk455846830107294981119
of4697468301075074
bias.4791468301075271111145161
There4972468301074494138165208
was51994683010768109143
a53614683010744
great5424468301075278121161188
heterogeneity3040482301074994122166193240291336385430449478521
on35824823010755104
DILI3706482301076686127146
diagnostic3873482301075675116166215264299328348389
criteria,428248230107477494123166193213254270
and4572482301074897147
only47404823010755104124164
few4925482301073075141
trials508648230107356282123142175
reported5282482301073377127177205237280331
about3040496301074190140188216
the3276496301072775119
causality3415496301073980128161203222240268311
assessment3745496301074073107151185218291336384411
method.41754963010773117145193242292308
Based4503496301074486119163213
on4736496301074796
the4851496301072775120
scarce4990496301073373115141180223
number5232496301074895169218263290
of5541496301074771
trials304051030107285574114133166
available,3225510301074383124143162202252272316330
tested3575510301072972106135177227
agents3822510301074392136184211246
showed4088510301073583131196240290
limited4397510301072140113132160202252
efficacy466951030107466997117157198239281
in4970510301072168
DILI5058510301076080120139
prevention5217510301075178121162205253280299347395
and3040524301074189138
management.31985243010774115163203253297370415463490506
Altogether,372452430107527199146196240268316360387399
the4142524301072876120
tested4282524301072871104133176226
agents4528524301074090134182209244
showed4791524301073482130195238288
a50995243010741
safe516052430107337599142
profile.5322524301075077124148167186230245
Conclusions:31805378011254105159200226279320345398452491515
Due37195383010758107151
to3890538301073480
the3990538301073483127
methodological41365383010781125153201249299348367416466484525566585
flaws474153830107305293157191
in4952538301072573
RCTs50445383010752104149176
in5240538301072573
DILI,5333538301076484124143158
in‑5511538301072573101
ternational304055230107287199148190217237286335377396
research3456552301073478112157198225265314
networks37905523010755100129197246274313350
are4160552301074875119
needed42995523010756101146197242293
to4612552301073583
establish4715552301075185115157208228247280329
a50645523010748
standardized5132552301074170113162212253280329348386430480
framework304056630107245193166211276323350389
on3449566301074796
RCTs3565566301074597142169
design3754566301074993127145194242
and4016566301074189138
therapeutic4174566301072876120146188238283330358377418
endpoints.4611566301074492141191240259307334369385
KLINICKÁ30415908014974137171255291363437520
FARMAKOLÓGIA35865908014963137208311391465549612697780816895
A45055908014979
COVID-1946085908014971156230266350394454513
Controversies30406195014368128190223256316367422455498520576618
and36836195014353115178
New38866195014376132216
Trends4128619501435479134196259300
in4453619501432486
the4564619501433697154
Treatment4743619501435580134185219315371433466
of3040633501436493
COVID-1931586335014368142199224298336384432
Štefan3040649001235284135166217273
Laššán3333649001234899140180231287
Department30406641010960107160205235269345392444474
of3534664101095078
pulmonology,36326641010952104126202253304355378429482526542
phthisiology41946641010952104134185207244266316339390443487
and4701664101094596148
functional4869664101092779130172205227278329374396
diagnostics,3040678101095173117169220271308340362403441461
Faculty3521678101094587128179201232278
of3820678101095077
Medicine,39186781010973120173195237259309356375
Slovak4313678101094668119163208251
Medical45846781010974121173196237282305
University49096781010959110132177222253291313344390
and5319678101094596148
Bratislava3040692101094980125155177214236281324369
University34296921010959110132177222253291313344390
Hospital,38396921010960111148200222253299321341
Bratislava,4200692101095081126156178215237281325370390
Slovakia4610692101094568119162207251274319
Introduction:3180719801122579112147199254306347382408460513536
COVID-1937327203010751108153172230259297335
has4086720301074585118
become4223720301074791132178251295
a45387203010737
global4594720301074664112162203221
pandemic4835720301074687135184227300318358
with5213720301076180108155
severe5388720301073074114157183225
health3040734301074891130149176223
issues328273430107164880126170203
around3504734301073763109156203252
the3775734301072471115
world.39097343010761108134153201217
Although414573430107496794142189237285332
COVID-1944967343010748104148168225254292329
primarily484473430107467291163203229247266305
affects516873430107376087129170199233
respi‑542173430107226598146164191
ratory304074830107276895142169212
system,3272748301073576110139181255270
it3562748301072149
is3630748301072153
generally3703748301075195143187213255274293333
accepted4055748301074383122165214242284334
that4409748301072978118145
it4574748301072049
is4642748301072153
a47157483010742
complex4777748301074288162212232276315
multisystemic51127483010775123142170188221262296325368441460500
disease.304076230107496799143183216259274
Its333376230107164478
pathogenesis3430762301074788115162210260304351395428446478
involves3928762301071563102149168209251285
a42327623010738
biphasic4289762301074665114162203236253293
immune4602762301071588161208256299
response.492176230107236599147196244277321335
The5276762301073887131
initial542676230107166382109128168186
stage3040776301073463104153197
is3257776301071952
characterized3329776301074089129156197238268311337356393436486
by3835776301075089
viral394477630107416187129148
replication4111776301072770120139158198240267286334382
induced4513776301071967116164204247297
tissue483077630107284780113160204
damage5054776301074990163204254298
and,5371776301074290139155
in5545776301072068