884
KLINICKÁ341804301074588109168189242288347
FARMAKOLOGIE709804301074291138211265312372415474533554598
A13288043010753
FARMACIE1403804301074191138210265316336380
/18298043010732
Klin190680430107446583131
Farmakol2057804301074278105179220258305325
Farm2402804301074178104179
2023;37(3):86-882601804301074386128172186230270290333354368412457486532577
/32238043010731
www.klinickafarmakologie.cz4568804301076513320121425327329234035839843647950254457164568672477179183988990895196610061045
881828026012657116
EDITORIAL341207012655130163222297362395465520
The34136501063071103
importance46036501061569103144180212248289324356
of83236501063869
a917365010637
fast-track97036501062967101133158186222264297333
pharmacology131836501063374114149204245278317348387427465
for179836501062970106
the192036501062971103
proper203836501063368109144176212
management226536501065293134174212243298330371403
of268436501063869
antibiotic276936501063879111129165183223254272306
therapy309136501063071103139181215252
in335936501061556
intensive34313650106155688120162194211250281
care372836501063374110142
units38853650106398098130162
the34062101093081127
potency488621010952103134180231273319
of82862101094977
the92662101093080127
given107462101095173118163214
drug131062101095081132184
and151562101094394146
provides168362101095182132176199251297334
no340761010951103
information47176101092173101153185263309340363415467
regarding96776101093077130176207260283335388
the138376101093082130
time-course154176101093153131179211256306359390429476
of34090101094977
antibiotic44290101094495125147199222273303325367
effect,83490101094573104150193226246
nor1105901010950101132
whether1262901010967118165196247294325
the161290101093081127
rate176590101092974105150
of194190101094976
bacterial3401041010953100143178225258281328351
killing72010410109446992115139192246
may9951041010977123168
be11921041010953102
altered1323104101094468101148180228283
in1636104101092172
vivo1733104101094365109158
by1920104101095398
inadequate340118101092172116168215267318362393438
drug796118101095181132184
exposure998118101094588141192229279310356
(16).1371118101092669112136154
Accordingly,1543118101095596136186217268290341393415459475
the340132101093082130
best4981321010952100138171
way6971321010967113156
to881132101093081
categorize990132101094187119165219271302326366414
an1432132101094496
antibiotic1556132101094496127150203226278310332375
is1959132101092158
through340146101093081111161212264315
the673146101092980127
combination818146101094089166218241292336366388439490
of1326146101095077
the1421146101093080127
PK/PD1566146101094897132182242
characteristics,1826146101094091135166340160101094487121168200223260293316358397418
as787160101094481
it897160101092153
defines979160101095199128154206254292
the1299160101093183131
individualized1458160101092274128150196220273325371394417458505560
drug340174101095181132184
exposure550174101094589142194230280311357
necessary933174101095097139185221258303334380
to1339174101093080
ensure1445174101094597133183214260
the1731174101092980127
optimal18841741010950102340188101093052128173195
drug562188101095181133184
effectiveness774188101094573103150192225247292337389436472509
for1310188101092677108
a14451881010944
given1516188101095072117163214
pathogen.1757188101095197127178229340202101095097148169
In529202101092273
the622202101093081128
past,770202101095297133165185
this976202101093080102139
was11352021010966111148
considered1303202101094190142178200252298329375428
merely17522021010975121152198221265
a3402161010943
theoretical401216101093080126178208254285307348393415
concept.834216101094089140182227279310330
Anyway,11822161010955105147217262304320
thanks1519216101093081125175218257
to1794216101093079
the1891216101093080127
identification340230101092276125178210234263289333380412435488542
of913230101095180
clinically102423010109426589142165209256279303349
relevant1404230101093079103152198245298330
PK/PD17652301010949100138190253
targets340244101093075105157203235273
measurable6352441010975122166203253283328381404450
in1107244101092273
hospital12022441010950101137189212243288310
laboratories,1535244101092165118169200245276326357379425462483
individualized340258101092172125147192215267317362384406446493546
dosing9132581010951102139161212264
strategies120425810109356798143174219272294341378
have1609258101095095138184
been1820258101095198146197
recently340272101092976118164215245268312
proposed679272101095182133185237274321373
[12].1080272101092569111135154
Beta-lactam1261272101094996128173203227271313346391467
agents1756272101094395142193224261
are340286101094374120
examples481286101094589133209262285331368
of870286101094977
time967286101093052128175
dependent1163286101095197150197249301347399429
antibiotics1613286101094394125147199221272303325366404
(T>MIC),340300101092676124198222277306325
where6943001010967120168200248
the970300101093183131
rate1130300101093076108155
of1313300101095179
killing142130010109436791114136189242
is1692300101092159
determined17793001010952100132179211340314101097496146192244
by601314101095193
the712314101092979125
length854314101092167118169200250
of1121314101094976
time1214314101092951126172
necessary1403314101095096137182218254299328374
to1795314101092978
kill,189031410109426587109128
whereas3403281010966118164195241286322
aminoglycosides,6893281010944120142193244296318362403453489511563610647667
daptomycin1383328101095195147178228305347388410461
and1871328101094394146
fluoroquinolones340342101092651102152183234286337359410461484535586633669
are1027342101094474120
concentration-dependent1165342101094090141183228280310341385416438489540570625671724771822340356101095197149179
antibiotics537356101094394125147199221272303325366404
(Cmax/MIC),959356101092677152197241276349372426453472
where14493561010966117164195241
killing170835610109426588110132183234
is1960356101092158
dependent340370101095197150197249301347399429
on7943701010949100
increasing919370101092172114144190235271293344396
concentrations1339370101094190142183229280311341386417439489541577
of1941370101094976
the213862101093080127
drug.228262101095181132184204
Some250362101094595172218
antimicrobial273962101094394124146222244285315365418440484506
agents326362101094395141192222260
such354162101093585127177
as373662101094379
azithromycin,213876101094384106137188218269345388428450501521
clindamycin,26837610109406284135187232308350391413464484
vancomycin,319076101094488139181231307350390412463483
oxazolidinones369776101094991213890101094384134157179231253304355406453490
and264890101094495147
tetracycline281590101093076107138183224270311333355406453
exhibit328890101094589141163215237268
mixed357790101097597140186239
time-dependent2138104101093052128175206260307359407458510557608639
and2801104101094394147
concentration2972104101094090141183228280310341386416438489540
dependent35371041010950971491972482138118101095197149179
properties2338118101095182132185232263297319365402
(AUC/MIC).2761118101092681138192226298322375403421
A22781321010957
growing2363132101095283134203226278331
body27221321010953106160205
of2955132101095179
literature306213210109224476122154200231283314361
has3451132101095297134
been36131321010953102150203
published21381461010951102153175196231281327379
in2540146101092171
the2634146101093080126
last2783146101092165100131
2–32937146101094690135
years3095146101094287131160197
showing3315146101093686136202223274324
that3662146101093080124153
licensed213816010109214283127178213259311
standard2469160101093566111161212256285336
doses28251601010951101136182218
of3063160101094976
antibiotics3159160101094393123144195217267297318358395
are3574160101094473118
often37121601010950762138174101093076127
insufficient2291174101092273109159186217241283304351402432
to2749174101093180
achieve2856174101094485136158204248293
PK/PD3176174101094897133182243
targets3445174101093075105157203234272
in3743174101092273
ICU2138188101092274132
patients.2286188101095296125147192243272309328
This2631188101094495116152
has2799188101095093129
been2944188101095198144194
demonstrated3155188101095096172222272307338368412441486538
for3709188101092776106
linezolid,213820210109224495142183234257279332351
meropenem,25162021010977124155206259307359406484504
ceftriaxone,3046202101094288116150180203248292342394441461
piperacillin-tazobactam,3533202101095375128176207252213821610109406283104125176205235280319369421465506538583658677
and2841216101094394145
daptomycin.3011216101095195147177226302343383404455474
Patients3511216101094891120141187238267304
at2138230101094474
risk223923010109305288131
of2396230101095078
not25002301010951102132
attaining2658230101094575108153175226248299351
these3035230101093081128165212
targets3273230101093075106157204235273
would35722301010967118169191243
benefit2138244101095198148194221245276
from2439244101092657107182
drug2647244101095180131182
dose28542441010951101137183
intensification,3062244101092172101146197232253280304344389418440490540559
with3647244101096688118168
significant2138258101093657107158179205229270314364394
improvements2554258101092196147177227270314390436486516552
in3128258101092171
the3221258101093080126
clinical336925810109406182132154194238260
cure3651258101094090119164
rates2138272101092974103148184
(12).2341272101092568108132149
Conclusions21382970014771137206261292361411442510580630
The2278314101094597144
current2450314101094091122154200252282
scenario2760314101093678124175220251274325
of3112314101095078
persisting3217314101095299130168190227259281332385
poor36293141010952104155187
outcomes21383281010951104136179230310358397
for2564328101092779112
ICU2705328101092278138
patients28723281010953100132155203257289328
with3229328101096892124177
infection,3435328101092275103152196230253306359380
as2138342101094480
well22463421010966113136158
as2432342101094380
the2539342101093082129
documented26953421010951102145196273320371402448501
association3224342101094380117168211233278308331382434
between368534210109529921383561010930102149197250
suboptimal2417356101093688141194249281304382427451
antimicrobial2896356101094497128151229252295326378432456501524
exposure3449356101094691145198236288319367
and2138370101094394145
treatment2301370101092960105149180255301352382
failure,270137010109267193115165195240259
calls2978370101094084106128164
for3160370101092676107
an3284370101094394
urgent3395370101094980131177228258
and3670370101094394145
rapid393562101092973124146197
optimization4149621010948100130151226247286331361382432482
of464862101094875
drug474062101095080130180
dosing4937621010950100135157206257
in521162101092170
this529862101093079101136
clinical54516210109396182132393576101092162106128
setting.408076101093581112144166216267287
We,4384761010975119137
therefore,453976101092979125155201228278308354373
propose492976101095081130182233269315
fast-track526176101092671107138164194224268309352
pharmacology3935901010951103148179256301343393416467520565
as452790101094481
a4635901010944
branch470690101095283128179222273
of500690101095078
clinical51119010109416385137159201246269
pharmacology540790101095210314817939351041010975120162212235286339384
by4346104101095295
direct4468104101095174104151194227
analogy4722104101094495140162214266311
with5060104101096790121172
what52601041010966118163194
has5481104101095095132
been3935118101095198145196
achieved4149118101094385135157204248293345
in4512118101092172
microbiology4602118101097597138169219271294344367418470514
and5134118101094394146
enabled5298118101094596140192215262314
by3935132101095295
improvements4058132101092198151183234278324401449501532570
in4655132101092273
analytical4756132101094495141163208242264307352375
techniques.5159132101093076119170222244297348395433453
The3935146101094597143
concept4103146101094190142184229282313
of4441146101094976
fast-track4542146101092772109140167198229273315358
pharmacology49251461010951103147178255299341390413464516561
facilitates5511146101092671393516010109416487110142189221268306
the4269160101093183132
application4429160101094498153177200242289321344396449
of4906160101095180
pharmacologic50141601010952106152183262308351402426479532556598
concepts3935174101094293147191238293326365
at4331174101094577
the4439174101093083132
bedside46021741010953102157195218273321
with4954174101096892125178
the5163174101093184132
goal53261741010952105152176
of5533174101095179
improving3935188101092197149180231275297348400
the4355188101092980127
safety4501188101093681109155187233
and4753188101094495147
efficacy4919188101094573104129170215257303
of5241188101095077
antimicrobial53381881010943941241462222453935202101094071121174196241263
therapy4219202101093081127158203255298
for4538202101092677108
ICU4667202101092275134
patients.4822202101095196127149195247277315335
A40752161010955
fast4146216101092670105136
pharmacology42972161010951102145174249293333381403453504547
could4860216101094088138159210
help5086216101094995116167
to5269216101093078
address53632161010943941451742193935230101093673
this4035230101093081103140
issue420123010109225895146193
by4420230101095296
providing4542230101095384134179201254276327380
TDM49482301010946108183
results5158230101093076113164186217255
with5440230101096790121172
a39352441010943
short3994244101093584134163195
turnaround4205244101092979108158201230279328378428
time4649244101093050125170
and4835244101094392143
by4993244101095193
guiding5101244101095099120171192241291
physicians54082441010951101142177393525810109216283126176211
in4165258101092171
the4255258101093080125
rational4399258101092973103124174225268290
adjustment4707258101094495117166202233308354404434
of5159258101095076
antibiotic5254258101094393123144195217267297318358
doses39352721010952104141189227
by4189272101095296
proper4312272101095384136190238269
identification4608272101092275123175206228256281324370401423475527
and5162272101094597150
weight53392721010968115138190243273
of3935286101095077
the4038286101093080126
clinical419028610109416284134156197242263
variables4479286101094488118140184236258305341
eventually4846286101094589134185215265309331353396
affecting5268286101094471101147189221243293345
drug3935300101095180131181
PK4136300101094896
in4251300101092171
ICU4341300101092275133
(17).4493300101092668107133150
However,46633001010958109175220263307337352
prospective5035300101095181130166217264305337358402447
clinical5501300101094062833935314101095071111155176
trials412731410109305980124145180
are4323314101094372117
required4456314101092974126175196225270322
to4794314101093078
determine4888314101095196126171200276297347392
whether52963141010966116162192242287317
a39353281010943
fast3994328101092671106136
pharmacology-based41463281010951102145175250293334382404454505548576629673708753805
approach4967328101094394146176225269309359
(ideally534232810109254697142185207228270
combined3935342101094089165216238288334386
with4346342101096687118168
a45393421010943
fast4607342101092671106137
microbiology4769342101097596137166216268289339361411463506
to5300342101093079
reach5404342101092974118159208
PK/PD3935356101094896131180239
targets)4197356101093074104154200230267290
can4510356101094185135
significantly4668356101093657107158179205229270314364394415458
improve5149356101092196148178227270315
the5487356101093080125
treatment3935370101093059105148178253299350379
of4333370101094976
infections442837010109217198143185217238288338373
in4821370101092171
ICU4911370101092174132
patients.5062370101095196125146192242272309328
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MH,55441010835598109
Bassetti6734101083356691116149170192206
M,88941010835466
Francois9644101083335182118149184197222
B,119641010833546
et125241010833454
al.13164101083324557
The138241010833370103
intensive14954101083155171103139164177208240
care17454101083316282114
medicine186941010835790128340420108315455996129
research4874201083205379112143163192229
agenda73442010833169103139177208
on96042010833774
multidrug-resistant105242010835793107128142180199236274295316348374387412434465502522
bacteria,159242010833870101124156176190221232
antibiotics,184242010833268891021401543404301083375872102128140
and49343010833168106
stewardship.6114301083264880130162181218243279293331342
Intensive9654301083155272104141166179210243
Care12214301083407191124
Med.135743010835588126138
2017;43:1187-1197.15084301083346797125133167198208236262292324341370396425457462
2.34044000853753
Shankar-Hari41444010833372105144175209231252299332354370
M,80544010835569
Phillips8964401083357489105121136176204
GS,11214401083457992
Levy123444010833267100135
ML,139144010835588102
et151444010833558
al.15934401083324862
Developing167644010834682116151167206247263302342
a340450108332
New38445010834580131
Definition5274501083468198115153167190205243281
and82145010833169108
Assessing9424501083406895129156182197235273
New122845010834580130
Clinical13714501083405570107122154187202
Criteria1586450108340607698132153168200
for17994501083185577
Septic1889450108332671063404601083223769
Shock:42546010833371109142172186
For6284601083327091
the7364601083216095
Third8474601083337287108146
International10104601083145274108129168200222237275313346361
Consensus138846010833976115141176214241278304
Definitions17094601083458098115153168190206244282308
for3404701083185576
Sepsis42847010833266104130144169
and60947010833269107
Septic72847010833266104125140171
Shock91147010833269106138167
(Sepsis-3).10904701083184983122148162187207239255266
JAMA.136847010832462117158172
2016;315:775-777.15524701083336797128139173204233243275309341362393426460465
3.34048000853651
Law40948010833165116
AC,5424801083418093
Stevens6534801083335487120154192218
JP,8894801083246065
Walkey97148010835889105134169200
AJ.11894801083416880
National12874801083457799114152191223238
Trends15434801083335084122161187
in174848010831553
Timing181848010833350108123161200
of34049010833756
Death40949010834581113134172
Among59449010834199137175214
Patients8214901083356789104139177198226
With10594901083587496134
Septic120649010833368107129144176
Shock,139549010833270108141171185
1994–2014.15934901083346499135172204238269300313
Crit1919490108339607698
Care3405001083407394128
Med.48350010835590129143
2019;47:1493-1496.64150010833468100130143178210220250281314347368399430463499512
4.34051000853652
MacArthur41251010835588120163185210248286308
RD,7405101083368394
Miller8545101083557186101137158
M,103351010835468
Albertson11225101083415796132153178206245284
T,142651010833342
et148951010833456
al.15665101083324861
Adequacy164751010834280115155193226258292
of196051010833757
early3405201083346687103135
empiric49152010833492131147168183215
antibiotic7235201083316991106145161199221236268
treatment10075201083224478109131189224262284
and130752010833270109
survival14335201083266384119135167200216
in166552010831552
severe17345201083266193128149183
sepsis:1933520108326613405301083406783110123
experience48553010833467108145167183219258292327
from8335301083194280140
the9955301083226298
MONARCS1114530108356105153195232274309
trial.1445530108322446194110124
Clin15905301083415773112
Infect17235301083155574110144169
Dis.19135301083476390105
2004;38:284-288.34054010833468104141152187222234269303339362393427462476
5.34055000853650
Özenci40555010834777111149181196
V,61555010833644
Rossolini67455010833573100127165181196234249
GM.93755010834398112
Rapid106355010833668107123162
microbial123955010835772104126163202218250265
identification15185501083155489127148164181198231263285300338377
and190955010833270109
antimicrobial3405601083327193109167183215237275315331364380
susceptibility7415601083266491124158198221236276292308323346380
testing11425601083225784108123162202
to136556010832259
drive14455601083396076110145
better16115601083397598123157179
patient18115601083397295110146184206
care:3405701083316485119132
an48557010833270
evolving56857010833466104120152168206245
scenario.8265701083265892130162183199237250
J1089570108324
Antimicrob112657010834179101116174189221242279319
Chemother145857010834078113171209231269304325
2019;179757010833468100130143
74195357010833464
(Supplement_1)3405801083195088127166182217275310348370407439453
:i2-i5.80958010831227618197131143
6.34059000853753
Mulatero41559010835695111144166201223262
F,69859010833340
Bonnardel75959010833676115154188210249285301
V,108259010833646
Micolaud114959010835672105143159193231272
C.144259010834155
The151859010833374110
way164959010835286118
forward17885901083195880135169191230
for3406001083185678
fast4336001083185278101
microbiology.55060010835772104125163202218256272310349381391
Clin9576001083405570108
Microbiol108060010835470102123160200215253269
Infect.13656001083145271106138163176
2011;17:661-667.155660010833468100128136166196206241277307326363399431438
7.213841000853644
De219441010834580
Waele228641010835788122138172
JJ,24714101083244759
Dhaese254241010834583115150176211
S.276541010833245
Antibiotic28234101083407899114153168205227242273
stewardship31094101083264982132165186223249286301340
in346141010831552
sepsis35264101083256099125140165
management:370441010835788213842010833870109144202237275296310
toward246642010832259110142164202
a2686420108332
balanced27364201083397287119157189223263
use30174201083376398
of313342010833857
antibiotics32084201083327091107146161199221237269296
for35224201083195678
the36184201083226095
severely37314201083266121384301083326687121137169
ill23224301083153045
patient.23824301083397294109144182203216
Expert261443010833265104140161186
Rev281543010833671103
Anti293343010834179101116
Infect30644301083155372107139163
Ther.324343010833272107128138
2019;17:89-97.339643010833569100131143174203213248282306341374380
8.213844000853754
Leone221344010833268108147184
M,241844010835670
Roberts251044010833676117153176201230
JA,27624401083246681
Bassetti28644401083367098126162185211227
M,311244010835670
et320444010833458
al.32834401083334963
Update336744010834585126160183218
in360644010831554
antibiotic3682440108332729411021384501083395593115131163
therapy23224501083226196118151191222
in256545010831553
intensive26394501083155375109148174189222257
care29174501083316586121
unit:30584501083387692114128
report32074501083215595134156181
from34094501083184178137
the35674501083226196
2019368445010833469101132
Nîmes213846010834460117152178
International23284601083155274107128166197219234271309341356
Symposium.269646010833262120158196223237274331344
Anaesth305346010834078109144170193231
Crit3296460108340607597
Care34064601083397293126
Pain35454601083346680118
Med.367546010835489128141
2019;38:647-656.213847010833468100130143178212225260297329347385418453466
9.213848000853649
Sumi220048010833270128143
CD,23564801083408596
Heffernan24664801083447998117152173211244282
AJ,27614801083416880
Lipman28544801083324786145177215
J,308248010832436
et313248010833456
al.32014801083324760
What327448010835897129151
Antibiotic343848010834179101116155171209230246278
Exposures372948010833365213849010833977104141163197223
Are23804901083416397
Required249549010833671110148163184218258
to277149010832259
Suppress284949010833270109148170204231257
the31254901083226095
Emergence323949010833290125146184219257289323
of358149010833756
Resistance3656490108336719711213821385001083225492124158
for23095001083185577
Gram-Negative23995001083436598155178224259298331352367400434
Bacteria?284650010833568100124158179194226251
A3110500108340
Systematic31635001083336289112146204236258273305
Review.348150010833570102118152203214
Clin37085001083395569107
Pharmacokinet.213851010833573105126184217249286317333371406428441
2019;58:1407-1443.259551010833468100130143178212224254285321354372403434471504516
10.21385200085367085
Heffernan22435201083447999118152174212245283
AJ,25465201083416880
Sime264752010833247105140
FB,28075201083336880
Taccone29085201083326093123160199234
FS,31625201083336577
Roberts326052010833573113149170195222
JA.35035201083246479
How360252010834483134
to375652010832259
optimize21385301083377697112169184213246
antibiotic23975301083316890104143158195217232263
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics26735301083387610812818621824928631633236940342544047249853557360562668371574778382285389292398099510271054
for37395301083185577
Gram-negative21385401083446598156179218252292324346361394428
infections25855401083155372106139163178216255281
in288554010831553
critically2957540108331526891106138171186201233
ill32095401083153045
patients.32735401083397294109144182203231244
Curr35375401083407697119
Opin367554010834787102140
Infect21385501083155372106139163
Dis.23165501083466187101
2018;31:555-565.243255010833468100131143178209218253286318340374408442454
11.21385600085366678
Mula223756010835593108140
J,239856010832436
Chiara24545601083407894126147180
F,265456010833339
Manca271356010835588126158191
A,292456010834156
et300056010833456
al.30775601083324760
Analytical315856010834179111127159184199231264279
validation3458560108332658095134166188204242280
of375956010833757
a2138570108332
novel218557010833776108142157
UHPLC-MS/MS235857010834388124155193207263296321376409
method278257010835792114153191230
for30275701083195678
19312057010833464
antibiotics32005701083316991106145161199221236268296
quantification35115701083387510814616718220021724928221385801083223775113
in227158010831552
plasma:23435801083395587113171203216
Implementation257858010831573112128163221256294315348370385423462
in305958010831553
a3131580108332
LC-MS/MS31835801083316983139172197252285
Kit.3487580108335527488
Biomed35945801083365189147182222
Pharmacother.213859010833573105126184217249286308346381402413
2023;163:114790.256659010833468101136147177208242254283311342374408443456
12.21386000085376986
Abdul-Aziz224460010834282122161177200242274290320
MH,2585600108355101114
Alffenaar2721600108341577797132171204237259
JC,30016001083256680
Bassetti31026001083367097124160183208224
M,334760010835669
et343860010833457
al.35166001083334962
Antimicrobial35996001083418010311817719339354101083315290129145177192
therapeutic41434101083216095116149188223261284299331
drug44904101083385997136
monitoring464241010835795134149171208230245283322
in498041010831552
critically5048410108331526891106138171186201233
ill52964101083153045
adult535741010833271108124146
patients:55194101083387139354201083213670107128155167
a4114420108331
Position41584201083347096110132147184221
Paper.439242010833465104138159169
Intensive45734201083145272105143168182214248
Care48334201083397192125
Med.497042010835488127139
2020;46:1127-1153.51214201083346799133145179214226255282311343361391418447480492
13.39354300085366883
Imani403343010831573105143158
S,420643010833245
Buscher42664301083357399132170205226
H,450743010834457
Marriott457943010835486108129145183205229
D,482343010834556
et489443010833456
al.49654301083324760
Too504043010833367105
much516043010835895127165
of534043010833757
a5412430108331
good545843010833876115155
thing:39354401083226075113152164
a4113440108332
retrospective4159440108321557799136163202237270294309342376
study45494401083265087127158
of472244010833756
β-lactam47924401083386177110142166199257
concentration-toxicity50634401083316810613917221023225328630832336140042244548251252739354501083314567100
relationships.40464501083215469100121136173210235272287325351364
J4421450108324
Antimicrob44574501083407898113169184215235271310
Chemother.477945010833976110166204225262296316326
2017;72:2891-2897.51174501083346798126135167201212247279313344362392425458490495
14.39354600085377086
Lau404246010833266105
C,416846010834154
Marriott424346010835689111133149188211236
D,450046010834657
Gould457946010834484123139178
M,477946010835569
et486946010833558
al.49484601083324862
A5031460108341
retrospective50944601083215679101139166206242276301317350385
study55004601083275190393547010833870
to402547010832158
determine41034701083387395129150208224261296
the44194701083226095
cefepime-induced45334701083326584119158174231266290306344383420452486526
neurotoxicity507847010833873110132169191228258273305321343377
threshold54744701083226081115393548010832663100116154
in410148010831552
hospitalized416548010833774101139154176208223237266299338
patients.45154801083387092106140178199226239
J4766480108324
Antimicrob48024801083417899114170185216237274312
Chemother.512748010833976110167205226263298318328
2020;54684801083336799132145
75:718-725.39354901083346778111144175197229263298310
15.39355000085377186
Cattaneo40435001083417598123157197233274
D,433850010834758
Marriott441850010835690112135151191214239
DJ,46795001083467082
Gervasoni478350010834582104140174202242282298
C.510250010834155
Hematological517950010834582142175198237253293334350383417434
toxicities39355101083225989104136151174189224251
associated42005101083325885123156171203225259298
with45125101083516789127
linezolid46545101083142967102132169185200239
therapy49075101083226095116149188220
in514151010831552
adults:520851010833271108124146174186
key54085101083306496
findings5518510108317347239355201083385392131157
and411352010833270109
clinical42435201083314762100115147180196
considerations.445952010833269107134149188223244277299315353392418432
Expert491152010833366106141163188
Rev511952010833671103
Clin52435201083405570108
Pharmacol.5372520108335731051271852183935530108331688497
2023;16:219-230.404753010833469101136148178209221256288318342373407442455
16.39355400085366985
Onufrak403654010834786123143165198228
NJ,42805401083447082
Forrest43775401083337092113148174198
A,459054010834155
Gonzalez466154010834483121150184199234264
D.494154010834556
Pharmacokinetic501354010833572105126184217249286316333371406428443475
and550454010833270109
Pharmacodynamic393555010833573105126185217250287326358397430488503535
Principles44905501083365672110142157197213247274
of478555010833757
Anti-infective486255010834179101116139155193212246279303318351385
Dosing.526855010834584111126164203216
Clin55045501083405671109
Ther.393556010833372107128138
2016;38:1930-1947.408956010833468100131143178213225255285318352376407437473505511
17.39355700085366776
Gatti40245701083447698122137
M,417457010835467
Cojutti42545701083407792129152176191
PG,44585701083357992
Bartoletti45635701083356889114150166201223247262
M,483857010835467
et491857010833456
al.49875701083324760
Expert505957010833365104140161185
clinical5257570108331466199114146178193
pharmacological546357010833977109130393558010835891124161178216257272305338354
advice431058010833272105121154188
may451958010835891122
make466258010835891122157
an484058010833271
antimicrobial49325801083327193108167182215237275315331363379
TDM533258010833381137
program5490580108339619939355901083385992150
for41045901083185678
emerging420159010833492127148186201239278
candidates449859010833164102141157195228249283310
more482759010835796117151
clinically4998590108331466199114146179194209241
useful52585901083376499118156172
in544959010831452
tailoring552059010832255703935600108315537590128167
therapy41176001083226095116149189220
of435260010833757
critically4424600108331536891106138171186201233
ill46726001083153045
patients.47336001083387193108143181203230244
Crit4992600108340617799
Care.51066001083407394128141
2022;26:178.526260010833468101136148183217229259288322335