946
KLINICKÁ341804301074588109168189242288347
FARMAKOLOGIE709804301074291138211265312372415474533554598
A13288043010753
FARMACIE1403804301074191138210265316336380
/18298043010732
Klin190680430107446583131
Farmakol2057804301074278105179220258305325
Farm.2402804301074178104179195
2024;38(1):15-212617804301074487128168183227270294334351366403441468507546
/32088043010732
www.klinickafarmakologie.cz4568804301076513320121425327329234035839843647950254457164568672477179183988990895196610061045
181878026012657111
HLAVNÍ341207012670127198263336370
TÉMA733207012657114204274
Medication34136501065284123141176217246263304346
adherence70236501063878119151186219260295327
–1045365010645
the110536501063071103
way122436501065794127
to136636501063069
understand145136501063880119151187221254290331371
patients18383650106326997115147188220253
Increased34362101092170110139184226261306357
knowledge,71562101094292141206227272323373418435
by116662101095092
itself,12736210109215086131152178195
does148362101095099144179
not167862101094998127
automatically182062101094392121169343761010974116144164203246266286328
lead68576101092165107157
to85676101093077
adherence94776101094392141185214257306346389
(48,135076101092567113132
49).149676101094589112128
Improving163876101092295145173221263283332381
drug34390101095079128178
therapy53690101092978123152195245286
adherence83790101094393142187216260309349392
relies12449010109297395115159194
on145390101094999
patient156790101095093122142187236265
education,184790101094495143343104101094186117139190241261
but6301041010953104135
one7921041010950102149
which9671041010967119141183234
goes12271041010951103150187
beyond14401041010952100143194245298
simply1764104101093758135188211255
repeating343118101093076129176220251272323375
instructions744118101092172108140170221263296317368420456
or1226118101095081
providing1333118101095282133176199251273324375
printed1735118101095182104155185231284
materials.3431321010975119148193223245288309345364
Indeed,728132101092171123168215266285
a10341321010943
holistic1098132101094999121142178209230270
approach1389132101094394146176226270311360
is1770132101092156
needed1846132101095096142343146101095196148
that517146101093080123153
includes695146101092171112133183234280316
gathering1036146101095194124174220250271322372
patient-specific1434146101095195125146192242272297333385431472494520544585
information,343160101092173100151182259304334356407459479
customizing848160101094192128160210287309349371423475
instructions,1349160101092273109141171223265298319370422458478
providing1854160101095283133343174101094365116138188238
support,602174101093685136188239269302321
encouragement,943174101094696137186236265309360406482528578608627
monitoring15901741010975126176197227276306328378429
and343188101094598152
evaluating530188101094792139162215261293316368422
the988188101093083132
patient’s11551881010953100132155203256288312347
response1537188101093179117171224277315363
to1936188101093183
treatment343202101093061107152182259306357388
to757202101093080
determine864202101095198129175206283305356403
its129320210109225290
effectiveness1410202101094573104150193226247292338390436473510
in1946202101092173
improving343216101092196147176226268290339390
patient749216101095195124145190240269
outcomes1034216101094999129168217292337373
(50).1423216101092569115139156
Medication15952161010972117169190230274303324374424
non-adherence,3432301010950100150180223275325371401446496537582600
including968230101092171112134183235256306357
errors1350230101094575105155185221
in1597230101092171
administration1693230101094495170192242263298343244101093059104133154204255
such621244101093685126176
as821244101094378
incorrect923244101092171112161191221266308340
use,1286244101095085131149
is1459244101092156
a15392441010943
major16062441010975119140190220
contributor185024410109408913934325810109305981132183213262292
to651258101093079
adverse746258101094495139184213250296
drug1058258101095181131182
reactions1256258101093075118159191212262313348
and1620258101094494145
hospitalizations.1781258101095010013618720934327210109307496117155201230251301352387407
In766272101092272
particular,855272101095195125157179219269290334363378
elderly1250272101094567118164194216259
patients1525272101095296126147192243272309
with1851272101096688118168
polypharmacy3432861010951102124167219270313343419462503548
for909286101092777107
chronic1034286101094090120169220241281
diseases1334286101095071107153196232277313
are1666286101094373118
at1802286101094373
the1893286101093080126
highest343300101095071122172218254285
risk65430010109295186128
for808300101092676106
such939300101093686127177
adverse1141300101094495139184214250296
drug1463300101095180131182
reactions1670300101092975119159191213263313349
(51).​343314101092569111131147148
Medication5063141010972117169190230274303324373423
non-adherence945314101095099149178221272322367397441491532576
has1537314101094992128
been1680314101095197143193
documented18893141010950100343328101094088162207256284328379
as737328101094277
a8293281010943
contributing887328101093987136165194214264314343363412462
factor1364328101092669109140187217
in1596328101092069
over1680328101094991134163
20%1858328101094690161
of343342101095078
preventable447342101095283130174220272302348400423470
adverse943342101094597142188219257304
drug1273342101095282134186
events1485342101094691137188219257
(ADEs)1768342101092682143190227251
in343356101092171
older435356101095072123169198
patients655356101095195125146191242271308
in984356101092171
ambulatory10763561010944119170221242286315364394440
care1537356101094084114159
settings1717356101093682112144165216266302
(52).343370101092670114138155
Studies523370101094573123175196241277
indicate826370101092171122143184228258302
that1154370101093080123153
more13323701010975125155200
than1558370101093080123173
10%1757370101094688161
of1943370101094976
admissions343384101094395170191227262283333383419
of786384101094976
older886384101094971123168198
adults1108384101094495145166196233
to1365384101093079
acute1468384101094384134164209
care1701384101094084114159
can1884384101094085135
be343398101095095
attributed453398101094271102131151201250279322373
to840398101093077
non-adherence932398101094997146174217267315359388432481521564
to1510398101093077
medication16023981010973118168189228271299319368417
regimens343412101092973124144218263313347
(53).705412101092669112135151
Col8714121010952100121
et1007412101094575
al.109741210109436382
reported1194412101092974124174203235279330
in1539412101092170
their1624412101093079123144173
study1812412101093666114165207
that343426101093080124154
one-third5224261010950101147177208258279309360
of908426101094976
older1010426101094972123169199
persons1235426101095198128165215266301
admitted1562426101094495171192223255300352
to1940426101093079
hospital3434401010950100136187209239283304
had665440101095094145
a8284401010943
history889440101095071106137186216261
of1168440101095076
non-adherence12624401010950100150180223275325370400446496537581
(54).1861440101092670117141158
Medication4834541010974122176198240286316338390442
non-adherence9524541010951103155186231284336383414461513556602
is1581454101092158
categorized1666454101094187117164217269300323343468101094087141
as514468101094582
either626468101094669101153201233
intentional889468101092174105152204235258310363409431
or1350468101095183
unintentional.14624681010951104126179210257309341363415468514536557
Intentional343482101092274104150203233255306359404426
non-adherence7964821010951102154185230283334381413459511553599
involves1422482101092173117167190235281318
a17674821010944
patient’s1838482101095298129151343496101094697127150183
active552496101094485118140184230
choice808496101094191142164205251
to1085496101093080
not11914961010950101132
follow134949610109267799121172239
treatment,1614496101093060106151181257304355385405
considering343510101094191143179201254301332354405458
the827510101093182129
pros982510101095384134171
and1180510101094495148
cons.1355510101094191143179199
In1581510101092273
contrast,1681510101094191143173204249286318338
unintentional343524101094998119168197240290319339388438480501
non-adherence859524101095099148177219270319364393437487527570
is1445524101092055
passive,1515524101095194129164184227271288
often1819524101094874107150200
due3435381010951101147
to516538101093079
factors621538101092671112144194224261
outside9085381010949100130168189240286
the1220538101093080126
patient’s1372538101095296126148193244274296330
control.1727538101094190141171200250273292
Intentional343552101092272101146196226247297347391412
non-adherence7805521010950100150180223275325371400446496537581
is1386552101092156
linked146755210109214292135179231
to1723552101092978
a18265521010943
patient’s1894552101095195343566101093153101153184208243
beliefs6145661010953102125147195223262
and905566101094597151
motivation,10845661010978130161184230276307329381434454
while15675661010968121144166214
unintentional18105661010951103126178343580101093074125154176225276319341
non-adherence7085801010950100150180223275325370400446496537581
is1313580101092157
reportedly1394580101092974126177207239284336357400
more18185801010975125155201
associated343594101094582119171214236281312358412
with782594101096891122174
demographic9835941010953100178230283314360413466488530
factors1540594101092774116149200232270
such1837594101093688130182
as343608101094379
age441608101094394140
(55).600608101092670114138155
Challenge3436330014771139200231262325395464527
to8976330014742109
measure103463300147101164226276344387450
Adherence4836501010957110164212245293346390437
to960650101093082
medications10826501010977126181205248295327350403457495
is1616650101092260
the1715650101093184133
basic1888650101095299343664101093658100
precondition469664101095384130173223275328350381403454506
of1002664101095077
successful1106664101093687129170216253289318370392
treatment1525664101093061107152183260307359389
of1941664101095078
chronic343678101094191121171222243284
diseases653678101095172108154198234280316
that995678101093081125154
require1175678101093075128178199229275
long-term1475678101092272123174204234280310386
use1887678101095086132
of343692101094976
medications4376921010975121172194234278308329379429465
(e.91969210109266987
g.,101869210109506989
cardiovascular1124692101094185114165186236279323359400449471514544
diseases,1685692101095172108153197233278314334
asthma,343706101094379110160235279298
COPD).6607061010952111160219243260
The939706101094596142
recent1099706101093075117161211241
increase1359706101092171112141186230266311
in1689706101092171
access1779706101094384124168204240
to343720101093079
patient-level447720101095296126147193243273299322367411455477
prescription950720101095181127163204234255307337358408459
and1434720101094494146
dispensing1605720101095172108159205256291313363414
data343734101095298129175
in545734101092274
administrative647734101094498176198251273310342373419450473519565
records1239734101093178121172203257294
has1560734101095197134
created1721734101094273120166197243297
new343748101095198166
possibilities5357481010952104141178200252275297319350372418455
for1017748101092778109
objectively11527481010950104126173216249271316361384428
measuring16077481010976124168205256286308360412
medication3437621010974119170191231274303324373422
adherence781762101094393142187217261311351394
at1191762101094372
the1278762101093079124
population14177621010951101151201222265294314363413
level1845762101092166108152174
(56).343776101092670116140157
Nowadays,5247761010959110176220271314356392411
robust960776101092979130181216247
data1231776101095195124169
extraction1424776101094588121150194235267288338389
from1837776101092657106182
prescription213862101095182127163205234256308338359409460
records262462101092975117166196247283
or293262101095080
insurance303862101092171107156186231281322367
databases343062101095195125170221266302348384
is213876101092156
a2220761010943
valuable228876101094387109158202253275321
resource263476101093075111161211241281325
for298576101092676106
analyzing311676101094393137158201242264314365
medication-taking3506761010975121173194235279213890101093051101151181211255298320370421
behavior,258290101095198148192234256306336351
enabling295690101094595139190212233283334
retrospective331390101093075105135184220271318359391412456501
analysis.2138104101094393137158201237258294313
This2475104101094495117152
objective26501041010950101123169210242264307352
measure30251041010975121165200250279325
approach3373104101094395147177226270311361
is3757104101092157
particularly2138118101095195125158179219269290334363385428
relevant258211810109297596142185229279309
in2907118101092171
the2994118101093080125
context3136118101094089139169213256289
of3441118101094976
chronic3533118101094090120169219240281
diseases2138132101095070104149191226270305
and2458132101094391141
in2614132101092170
cases2699132101093982117161196
involving2910132101092169110158179222243291341
polypharmacy.3266132101095099121162213263305334408450490533548
The2138146101094596141
advantages2295146101094395138182232262306356402438
include2749146101092171111133182233279
a30441461010943
detailed3103146101095196127171192213259310
analysis3429146101094493137158201237258293
of3738146101094976
adherence2138160101094497148195226272324366411
and2576160101094495148
persistence,27501601010952100130168190226258303355397443462
understanding32381601010950102154201232270301347398451472524576
the2138174101093080126
impact2289174101092197148193233266
of2580174101095076
various2682174101094387117138188239274
factors2982174101092671111144193223260
on32671741010949100
adherence,3393174101094394145191221266317357402420
and2138188101094597151
simplified2320188101093659137191214237265291339393
data2744188101095298129175
access2950188101094587129176214251
for3232188101092779111
population33741881010952105160212235281312335387440
analysis2138202101094393137158201237258294
(57).2457202101092570114140157
In2639202101092272
a27362021010943
register-based2804202101093075126148183214258288314366410446492544
retrospective33732021010929741051341842202713173593914122138216101094388
cohort2245216101094089139189219252
study,2516216101093566116167210225
Wawruch27602161010976118184214264305355
et3134216101094575
al.322821610109436584
explored3330216101094688140162212242288340
the3688216101093080126
factors2138230101092671111144193223259
influencing241823010109217198122171217267308329379430
medication28692301010975121173194235279309330380430
adherence3320230101094495145191221266316357402
in3743230101092171
persistent21382441010952100132170192228260306359389
angiotensin-converting2554244101094596149171223254300352389411463493538588640684730761795817869921
enzyme3502244101094699139186264312
inhibitors2138258101092169118138188209238285314350
(ACEI)2503258101092578127169189213
users2731258101094983128156192
and2938258101094291141
non-persistent3093258101094998147175226271300336356390420463512540
ACEI36482581010954103146166
users2138272101095187134165203
(n2367272101092675
=24692721010954
6,578).2550272101094767116162208233251
The2827272101094698145
most29992721010976128165196
significant3222272101093658110162183211236277323374405
predictors36532721010952831302138286101095070109140187216251
of2403286101094974
medication24912861010974118169189228270299319367416
non-adherence2921286101094997146174216266315359387431480519562
were34972861010965109137181
the3692286101092978122
use2138300101094983128
of2280300101094975
mineralocorticoid2369300101097495143188217260280329369416445477497536584604654
receptor3038300101092973113156207236283312
antagonists,3365300101094392120163213261310331365395430449
bronchial2138314101095079127176215264284325346
asthma/COPD,2498314101094377107155228270301350408455512528
and3040314101094391141
dementia,3195314101095094168212261289309351369
highlighting35793141010949691181661872072138328101095099127148197246
the2399328101093079123
complex2537328101094088162212233278320
interplay287232810109217098142171222243286326
of3213328101094975
comorbidities3303328101094087161210239290311361381411431476511
and2138342101094393145
medication23073421010975121173194235279309330380430
regimens2761342101093075127148223269319355
in3140342101092171
influencing323634210109217197121171216267308329379430
adherence.36903421010943952138356101095096126171221262307325
These2482356101094495141177223
findings2723356101092650100152173223274309
emphasize30513561010945120172222266301322361407
the3476356101093080126
need3620356101095096142194
for2138370101092675105
tailored225937010109297394115164194239290
approaches2565370101094393145174223267307356402437
in3018370101092170
managing31043701010975118167210261282331381
such3501370101093584125174
patients3691370101095194213838410109305196147176213
to2367384101093079
improve2462384101092196147177227269314
medication27923841010975121173194234278308329379429
adherence.3237384101094495145191220266316357401420
The3673384101094495141
results2138398101092975111160181211248
of2411398101094976
the2511398101093080125
study2661398101093566116167210
can2896398101094084134
help3055398101094995117168
in3248398101092171
determining3343398101095197127172202277299349370420471
the2138412101093080126
cohort2282412101094089140190220252
of2553412101094976
patients2647412101095196125146192242272309
who29744121010967117167
require3160412101092974126176197227272
increased3450412101092171112142187231266312364
attention2138426101094373105150200230251301351
(58).2508426101092670116140158
Non-adherence22784401010961114166198243297349397429476529572619
is2927440101092259
commonly3016440101094192171249302355378423
assessed3469440101094582119167205243291345
using2138454101094984105154204
two2358454101092997145
key2519454101094286127
indexes:2662454101092170121166208252287305
the2983454101092978124
Proportion3122454101094876125176226255287308357407
of3545454101094975
Days36354541010960102143179
Covered2138468101095299141185214258309
(PDC)2462468101092672130183209
and2686468101094392142
the2844468101092978123
Medication29824681010972117168188228271300320369419
Possession3416468101094795130164209244279299348398
Ratio2138482101094892121142191
(MPR).2345482101092696144191216233
The2594482101094495140
PDC27504821010948106159
is2925482101092156
calculated2997482101094083105145194216259288332384
by3397482101095192
dividing3505482101095171115137187208258308
the2138496101093081127
number22914961010950100177229276306
of2623496101095077
days2726496101095195137173
covered2925496101094190134179209255307
by3258496101095295
medication33794961010975122174196237282312333384435
treatment2138510101093060106150180256303354384
by2548510101095194
the2668510101093081127
number28215101010950100176229276306
of3153510101095077
days3255510101095296138174
in3455510101092172
the3553510101093081127
follow-up3706510101092677213852410109224496165195249302
period,24685241010953101133155207261282
with2777524101096992123175
a29805241010945
common3053524101094192171249301354
threshold3434524101093183114161199251303326380
for2138538101092676106
non-adherence22655381010950100150180223275325371401446496537582
set2867538101093682112
at3000538101094473
PDC30945381010948107160
<32755381010954
803340538101094694
%34545381010972
(57).3547538101092570114140157
To3725538101094589
standardize2138552101093668113165217262293345367407453
and2618552101094495148
enhance2792552101094698149194245287333
the3151552101093082129
reporting3306552101093076129181212246268319371
accuracy37045521010944852138566101094090120164204249
for2409566101092676106
PDC,25375661010948107160181
enabling2739566101094596139191213234284335
more30965661010975125155200
reliable331856610109297496117161212234280
comparisons36205661010940891642138580101095296126148184235286321
across2485580101094485115165201237
studies2748580101093667118170191237274
and3047580101094495147
health3220580101095096140162193243
systems,3489580101093680117148193269305325
Dalli21385941010960103125146167
et2329594101094676
al.242959410109446584
introduced2537594101092272101131180232282323367419
the2980594101093080126
TEN-SPIDERS3130594101094590149179222269290350396444489
tool.3643594101093079130152171
This2138608101094596117152
acronym2308608101094484114163214255331
stands2658608101093566110161212247
for2923608101092777107
Threshold,3048608101094596125170206256306328379398
Eligibility346560810109446586137158209231252274304349
criteria,213862210109406889118161190210252271
Numerator24246221010958106179224253295324371400
and2839622101094391141
denominator,2995622101094994143191265285334376404452481495
Survival,3504622101094492120165186229271292310
Pre-supply,2138636101094979125156193244297350373417433
In-hospital2597636101092273104156208244297319351396418
supplies,3042636101093687139193215237284321341
Dosing34096361010962113150172223275
information,37116361010921732138650101092677107183227257278328379398
Early2562650101094589119141184
Refills,2772650101094995122146168189225244
and3042650101094394145
Switching.32136501010945110132162202253274324376395
Each3634650101094489130180
component2138664101094089165216267317363414443
of2598664101095076
this2692664101092979100136
tool2845664101093079129151
provides3014664101095181130173195246292328
specific3359664101093687134175196223247287
guidelines366466410109501001212138678101095196118139188234269
for2423678101092776106
reporting2545678101092974126176206238259309359
PDC-related29206781010948107160183213258280323352397449
parameters3384678101095195125169243289319364393430
(56).2138692101092568113136152
Similarly,2305692101094464138158179221250271312327
the2647692101092978122
Medication27846921010971116167187227270298319367416
Possession3215692101094794129164208243278298346396
Ratio3626692101094790119139188
(MPR)2138706101092697146193219
generally2382706101095096147193223267289310353
indicates2761706101092171123144185229259303340
the3126706101093080126
percentage3277706101095298128169213264294338389435
of3738706101094976
days’2138720101095195137173192
supply2356720101093685137189212255
received2637720101092975116161183227272324
over2987720101095093138168
a31817201010943
specified3250720101093687134176197224248294346
time.3622720101093051127173192
However,21387341010959109175220263308338353
discrepancies2515734101095172107148178223275319369410431477513
in3052734101092171
the3148734101093080125
MPR32987341010972121168
denominator34917341010951961471972722942138748101094992121168198
definition2351748101095094121144193213243263312361
can2727748101094083132
contribute2874748101094088137166195215266315344388
to3277748101092977
variations3369748101094386115136178207227276326360
in3744748101092170
research2138762101092974110155199228268318
findings247276210109265099150171221272307
and2795762101094393144
complicate2955762101094088164215237258298342371416
cross-study3387762101094069118154189217253283333384427
comparisons2138776101094089165216260290312347397447483
(59).2640776101092570113138155
Digital407462101096082132154184228250
databases434462101095094124168219264299345381
are474562101094373118
also488362101094365100150
useful505362101095085131158209230
in530362101092171
terms539462101093075105180216
of393476101095077
researching403776101093076112159203233274325346397449
primary451176101095283105181226256302
medication4839761010976122175197238283313334385436
non-adherence5301761010951102153183227279393490101095097127173224265310
(PMN).427090101092573145205231248
PMN4544901010948120180
occurs475090101095092132182212249
when5025901010967118164215
a5266901010944
patient533590101095297127148194245275
fails393410410109266990110145
to4094104101092977
pick4186104101095071111152
up4353104101094999
a44671041010943
newly4525104101094994159180222
prescribed4762104101095080124159199227248298344394
medication.51711041010974119170190230273302322371420439
A39341181010956
study4016118101093668119171215
by4257118101095296
Bruthans4379118101094980131162213258309345
et4750118101094677
al.485311810109446686
underscored49651181010951102154201231269311361391437490
the5482118101093081128
importance3934132101092194144194223255298347386430
of4379132101094874
considering4468132101094087136170191241285314335384433
age-related4916132101094393137166196240261304332376427
factors5358132101092569108139187216252
when39341461010967119165217
addressing4177146101094496148179225261298319370422
medication46251461010976123176197239284314336387438
adherence5089146101094496147194225271322364409
issues.55241461010922583934160101093685131167186
This4142160101094495116152
research4315160101092975111156200230270320
of4656160101094976
electronic4753160101094567113155187216266316337378
prescription5152160101095182127163204233255306336357407458
database3934174101095093122166216260294339
in4289174101092170
the4374174101093079124
Czech4513174101095292136177226
Republic4754174101094893144194244266286326
indicated5096174101092070120141181224253297348
that5459174101093079122151
PMN39341881010948120180
varied4140188101094388118140186238
significantly4404188101093657108159180207231272317367397419462
across4892188101094385114164200236
age5154188101094495141
groups,5321188101095181130181233269289
with3934202101096789119170
the4129202101093081127
highest4282202101095072123173220256287
rates4595202101093074104149186
observed48062021010950102139185215262307359
in5191202101092172
younger5289202101094292142193244291321
patients3934216101095196126147193243273310
(18–394269216101092668110158203248
years4543216101094287131161197
old)4766216101095072123149
and4941216101094393145
the5111216101093080126
lowest5263216101092171138183219250
in5538216101092172
older3934230101094971123168198
patients4149230101095296126147192243272309
(754475230101092671115
years4607230101094387131161197
and4821230101094494145
older).4983230101095072123169199223240
The5240230101094596142
study5399230101093566116167211
showed3934244101093686136201246298
a42512441010943
PMN43132441010948119179
of4510244101095076
4.564605244101094665113159
percent4783244101095198128168212263292
which50942441010966117138178228
is5341244101092156
comparable54162441010940891653934258101095196126170222244290
with4250258101096688119169
other4445258101094980130176206
studies4677258101093667117168190236272
on49752581010949100
PMN51012581010948119180
(60–62).5306258101092671118167217263287304
The3934272101094596142
approach4095272101094495147177226271311361
and4476272101094394145
findings4641272101092650100151172223273309
of4969272101095076
the5065272101093080126
study5211272101093566116167210
contribute5441272101094089140393428610109305981132183213258
to4214286101093079
a43152861010943
broader4380286101095282131175227272302
understanding4705286101094999151196226263294338388439461511561
of5289286101094976
medication538728610109751211731943934300101094084114135185236
adherence,4191300101094394145190220265316357401420
particularly4632300101095195125157178219269290334363385428
in5081300101092171
the5174300101092979125
context5320300101094189140169214257290
of3934314101094976
electronic4029314101094567113154186216265316337378
health4426314101095095139160191240
records4686314101092974116164194245281
(60).4986314101092570117142159
In4074328101092272
clinical416332810109416283133154195239260
settings,4441328101093682112144165215266302321
it4780328101092151
is4849328101092156
vital492332810109436595139161
to5101328101093079
use5198328101095085131
self-report534732810109358110313015618723239343421010953105137171
questionnaires41323421010952104152189221244296348400446468499546584
for4743342101092779110
numerous48803421010952103181229260312364401
reasons5308342101093178123160212265302
(e.393435610109266987
g.,403335610109506989
for4147356101092777107
their4279356101093080126148177
being4482356101095197119169220
inexpensive,4728356101092171117160212258309344365409454472
widely5226356101096688139185207250
accepted,55023561010943843934370101094085137167211263282
uncomplicated4240370101094999140189265316338359400444474518570
to4834370101092978
use,4936370101094985131149
non-invasive,51083701010950100151180202253295339374395439484502
and3934384101094494146
time-efficient).4105384101093052127173204252279309333374396441492522547564
Importantly,4695384101092297149200231263308358388410453468
the5189384101093080126
unique53413841010950100121173223269
capability3934398101094084136180231253274296326371
of4321398101094976
self-reporting4413398101093682104130157188233285335365398419469520
lies494939810109214288124
in5089398101092171
its517639810109225288
ability5281398101094394116137159189234
to5531398101093079
both39344121010951101131181
track4131412101092959103143185
medication43324121010975120172193233277307328377427
use4775412101095085130
patterns4921412101095195125157201231281316
and5253412101094493144
identify5413412101092172118168393442610109294975120
reasons4068426101092973115149198247281
for4363426101092674103
non-adherence.4481426101094997146174217266315359388432481520563581
This5076426101094494114148
underscores52394261010948971461912192552943423934440101093076112
the4072440101093181128
necessity4226440101095097139184221257279309355
for4607440101092778108
an4741440101094495
accessible4862440101094486126171208244265318340387
tool5275440101093080131153
that5455440101093080125155
not39344541010950100130
only40854541010950100122165
detects4271454101095196127171213245282
adherence4574454101094495145191221266316357402
issues499745410109215692141187223
in5241454101092171
routine5334454101092979129159180230276
settings3934468101093681112144165215266301
but42584681010952102132
also4413468101094365100150
paves4586468101095195138182218
the4827468101093080126
way49764681010966110151
for5150468101092676106
effective5279468101094572102148189221242286331
adherence-improvement3934482101094392141186215258307347390420441514564593641683726800845894922
interventions.487148210109216998141170215258308336356405454488507
These5392482101094494139173218
interventions3934496101092171101145175222266317346367417468503
should4455496101093686136186207259
be4732496101095197
specifically4848496101093587133174195222246287331352373417
targeted5283496101093074103154200230275327
to3934510101093079
the4037510101093079125
identified4186510101092172118169198219246270315367
issues457751010109215692141187223
and4824510101094393145
personalized4993510101095197127164214264308329350389435487
for5504510101092676106
the3934524101092978123
individual4072524101092170120140183204254303345366
patient4453524101095093122143187236265
(63,4733524101092569113130
64).4878524101094693116132
Therefore,5026524101094493138167211238286315359377
focusing54185241010926751151643934538101093657107158
on41085381010949100
patient-adjustable4224538101095195125146192242272297341392414463499530574626648693
factors4933538101092771112144193223260
is5209538101092156
essential5281538101094581117163213243264307329
in3934552101092171
the4024552101093080126
assessment4169552101094379114160196232307353403433
phase.46215521010951101145181226245
The4074566101094597143
extensive4243566101094588121167218253274319364
range4633566101092974124176222
of4881566101094976
adherence4983566101094496146192223268319361405
measurements541456610109761221663934580101093686116162238285336366403
available4363580101094486131152174218270293339
in4728580101092172
the4826580101093080127
existing4979580101094589111146178199250301
literature5306580101092243741191491942242743934594101093078
complicates4043594101094293171225249271314361392439477
the4551594101093183131
process4714594101095284136180226264302
for5047594101092779111
healthcare51895941010952100146169201253296342374421
providers3934608101095384136181204257305336375
in4336608101092274
determining44386081010952100132179210289311364386438491
the4957608101093183131
most51156081010978130167200
appropriate53426081010945991531842363934622101095283105150180226
instrument4187622101092173109140171223300347398429
for4642622101092778109
their4777622101093182129151182
clinical498562210109416385136158200245267
practice.5278622101095384129171204225267313332
In3934636101092274
a40346361010945
secondary4105636101093784127177229282327357405
analysis4536636101094496141163208245267303
of4866636101095078
data4970636101095297128174
by5170636101095396
Kwan52936361010950116161213
et5532636101094678
al.393465010109446685
(2020),4045650101092671117162208233251
a43226501010943
total4391650101093080110155177
of4594650101095077
1214697650101094687130
unique48536501010950100122173224270
instruments5149650101092172108139169220296342394423461
for3934664101092778109
measuring40706641010976124169205256287309361413
medication45106641010976123177199241286317339390442
adherence4979664101094497148195226273325367413
were54186641010968114145192
evaluated3934678101094588132154203247277321373
for4327678101092676106
their4453678101093080125147177
psychometric4649678101095287131171221271346392423452474515
quality51836781010951101144166187217262
and5465678101094393145
evidence,3934692101094690112164210261303348367
following4327692101092777100121172239261312364
the4717692101093081127
COSMIN48706921010953114158231254314
guidelines52106921010951102123175222244266317363400
(65,3934706101092671117135
66).4095706101094694118136
None42577061010959110161208
of4490706101095077
the4593706101093081127
instruments4746706101092172107139169220296342393423460
evaluated5232706101094689134156206250280325378
met39347201010975121151
the4103720101093080126
criteria424672010109417092122167197218262
for4525720101092676106
all464972010109436586
nine4753720101095071121167
key4937720101094287129
measurement50847201010975121165200249279324400446496526
properties.3934734101095180129179225254286307351387406
Cross-cultural4355734101095180128163198225267316337366415444487508
validity4879734101094286106127177198227272
was51667341010965108143
notably5324734101095099128172222244286
absent3934748101094497134181233264
despite4225748101095198136188211242288
numerous45407481010951102179226257308360397
translations.4963748101093161107158195217262293314366418454475
The5464748101094699146
study3934762101093769121175221
identified4186762101092175123176207230258284331386
inadequately4603762101092174120173221276328373405452475520
established5155762101094684117163217241263300353401455
psychometric3934776101095187131171221271347393424454475516
properties4476776101095181131183229259292313359395
for4897776101092676106
medication50297761010975121173194235279309330380431
ad-5486776101094395124