Klin Farmakol Farm. 2004;18(1):14-21

Biologické účinky triterpenoidů: protinádorová aktivita

Marián Hajdúch1,2, Petr Dľubák1, Jan ©arek3
1 Laboratoř experimentální medicíny při Dětské klinice LF UP a FN Olomouc
2 Onkologická klinika FN a LF UP, Olomouc
3 Katedra organické a jaderné chemie, Přírodovědecká fakulta UK v Praze

Keywords: triterpenoids, betulinic acid (BetA), cytotoxicity, anti-cancer activity, mitochondria, cell cycle.

Published: December 31, 2004  Show citation

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Hajdúch M, Dľubák P, ©arek J. Biologické účinky triterpenoidů: protinádorová aktivita. Klin Farmakol Farm. 2004;18(1):14-21.

Článek přehledným způsobem uvádí triterpenoidy s popsaným cytotoxickým účinkem, včetně výčtu toho, co bylo zjiątěno o mechanizmu jejich působení. Jedním z prvních triterpenoidů s popsanými protinádorovými účinky byla kyselina betulinová. Nejprve byla zkoumaná ve směsných extraktech z rostlin, později jako purifikovaná sloučenina. Od základního konstatování cytotoxického účinku se v současnosti řeąí její mechanizmus působení na molekulární úrovni. Také řada daląích sloučenin je extrémně cytotoxická IC50 <0,03 -M. Nacházíme zde látky měnící expresi proteinů buněčného cyklu (p21, p53), inhibitory topoizomerázy I a II a induktory apoptózy s přímým působením na mitochondrie a s následnou aktivací kaspáz. Některé sloučeniny ovlivňují i aktivitu transkripčních faktorů NF-?B a PPAR?. Kromě těchto toxických účinků mluvíme v souvislosti s triterpenoidy i o účincích chemoprotektivních, antioxidantních, radioprotektivních a protizánětlivých. Popisujeme pokrok v analýze těchto látek, jdoucí ruku v ruce s vývojem nových sloučenin.

Biological activity of triterpenoids: anticancer activity

This review article deals with triterpenoids with a recognised cytotoxic activity, and summarizes the knowledge of their mechanisms of action. One of the first such studied triterpenoid is betulinic acid, which was discovered as the active compound in the herb extracts and later as a purified compound. In comparison to the initial property of cytotoxicity, we are now solving the mechanism of action of this compound at a molecular level. Many of the derived triterpenoids are extremly cytotoxic at IC50 < 0,03 -M. Several described triterpenoids change expression of cell cycle proteins (p21, p53), others are changing activity of topoisomerases I and II, and are inducers of apoptosis with a direct effect on the mitochondria with activation of the caspase cascade and there are the compounds modulating the activity of transcription factors NF-?B, PPAR?. Instead of the toxic effects we can now, consequently, speak about the chemoprotective, antioxidative, radioprotective and antiinflammatory effects. We describe the development of the analysis of these compounds plus the development of new drugs.

1Laboratoř experimentální medicíny při Dětské klinice LF UP a FN, Olomouc

2Katedra organické a jaderné chemie, Přírodovědecká fakulta UK v Praze

3Onkologická klinika LF UP a FN v Olomouci

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