Klin Farmakol Farm. 2004;18(3):165-170

Terapeutické monoklonální protilátky v onkologii

Karel Cwiertka2, Marián Hajdúch1,2, Radek Trojanec1, MUDr. Kateřina ©pačková1
1 Laboratoř experimentální medicíny při Dětské klinice LF UP a FN Olomouc
2 Onkologická klinika FN a LF UP, Olomouc

Keywords: monoclonal antibodies, targeted therapy of malignancies, immunotherapy, immunoglobulins, humanised antibodies, conjugated antibodies, immunotoxins, immunocytokines, radioconjugates.

Published: December 31, 2004  Show citation

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Cwiertka K, Hajdúch M, Trojanec R, ©pačková K. Terapeutické monoklonální protilátky v onkologii. Klin Farmakol Farm. 2004;18(3):165-170.

Jednou ze strategií v léčbě onkologických onemocnění je pouľití monoklonálních protilátek. Výhodou této léčby je zaměření na cílovou strukturu a tím zamezení poąkození zdravé okolní tkáně. Terapeutické uľití protilátek bylo podmíněno sníľením jejich imunogenicity, coľ umoľnila konstrukce humanizovaných protilátek. Krátký přehledový článek rovněľ přináąí popis struktury a funkce imunoglobulinů, jako i mechanizmů cytotoxického účinku monoklonálních protilátek.

Současná onkologie vyuľívá jak nekonjugované protilátky zaměřené proti cílovému proteinu (např. rituximab, trastuzumab, bevacizumab jako součást rutinní terapeutické praxe), tak i konjugované systémy, z nichľ některé jiľ byly úspěąně vyzkouąeny v klinických studiích (imunokonjugát BR96-doxorubicin, anti-disialogangliosid GD2/IL-2), jiné jsou předmětem výzkumu. Protilátky lze dále konjugovat s efektorovými sloľkami (např. toxiny, cytokiny, cytostatiky, radionuklidy) a pouľít je jako transportní systém k cílové buňce.

THERAPEUTIC MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES IN ONCOLOGY

One of the strategies in the treatment on oncological disease is the use of monoclonal antibodies. The advantage of this therapy is arraying against a target structure thus avoiding the harm to healthy surrounding tissues. Therapeutic use of antibodies is conditioned by the decrease of their immunogenicity, which was allowed by a construction of humanised antibodies. Short review article brings also a description of structure and function of immunoglobulins and also mechanisms cytotoxic action of monoclonal antibodies. Contemporary oncology uses either unconjugated antibodies against target protein (e. g. rituximab, trastuzumab, bavacizumab as a part of routine practice), or conjugated systems, of which some were already tested successfully in clinical studies (BR96-doxorubicine immunoconjugate, anti-disialogangliosid GD2/IL-2), others are under investigation. Antibodies can be conjugated further with effector compounds (e. g. toxins, cytokines, cytostatics, radionuclides) and can be used as a transport system to target cell.

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