Klin Farmakol Farm. 2026;40(3):164-169 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2026.020

Current options in insulin pump therapy for diabetes

Lucie Radovnická
Interní oddělení, Diabetologické centrum, Masarykova nemocnice v Ústí nad Labem, o. z., Krajská zdravotní, a. s.

Insulin therapy has undergone substantial development over recent decades, evol­ving from insulin pen therapy and conventional insulin pump therapy to automated insulin delivery (AID) systems. A key milestone was the integration of insulin pumps with continuous glucose monitoring, which enabled the transition from sensor-augmented pump therapy to hybrid closed-loop systems. Based on CGM data, current AID systems continuously adjust insulin delivery, thereby improving glycaemic control, increasing time in range, and reducing the risk of hypoglycaemia. In type 1 and 2 diabetes, their benefit has been demonstrated in randomized trials as well as in real-world clinical practice, and these systems have become part of current recommendations. In addition to commercial solutions, open-source systems are also used in practice; they offer greater flexibility but are not officially approved. This article summarizes the development of insulin delivery technologies, the basic principles and types of AID systems, as well as their main limitations and future perspectives. It also briefly addresses the use of these technologies in type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin pump, continuous glucose monitoring, automated insulin delivery, hybrid closed-loop system.

Received: March 18, 2026; Revised: May 25, 2026; Accepted: June 1, 2026; Published: October 14, 2026  Show citation

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Radovnická L. Current options in insulin pump therapy for diabetes. Klin Farmakol Farm. 2026;40(3):164-169. doi: 10.36290/far.2026.020.
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