Klin Farmakol Farm. 2026;40(1):56-60 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2026.001

The microbiome and pharmacotherapy: from mechanisms to consequences

Lenka Jourová1, Eva Anzenbacherová1, Pavel Anzenbacher2
1 Ústav lékařské chemie a biochemie, Lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
2 Ústav farmakologie, Lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci

The gut microbiome plays a significant role in the regulation of physiological processes and, in certain cases, may also influence the outcome of pharmacotherapy - from variability in the efficacy of commonly used drugs to the results of modern immunotherapies. Interactions between microbial metabolites, host hepatic enzymes, and the immune system may determine whether a treatment succeeds or fails. Understanding these mechanisms opens the way to novel approaches that can enhance drug efficacy, reduce the risk of adverse effects, and bring personalized medicine closer to clinical practice. This article provides a concise overview of current knowledge on the interplay between the microbiome and drug metabolism and highlights its potential therapeutic applications.

Keywords: microbiome, drug metabolism, cytochrome P450, pharmacotherapy, fecal microbiota transplantation.

Received: October 22, 2025; Revised: January 5, 2026; Accepted: January 8, 2026; Published: April 20, 2026  Show citation

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Jourová L, Anzenbacherová E, Anzenbacher P. The microbiome and pharmacotherapy: from mechanisms to consequences. Klin Farmakol Farm. 2026;40(1):56-60. doi: 10.36290/far.2026.001.
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