Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 2015 (vol. 29), issue 2
Original articles
Development of resistance of invasive bacteria related to antibiotic consumption
Milan Kolář, Pavlína Štrbová
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):49-52 
Increasing resistance of bacterial pathogens to antibiotic therapy represents a serious health problem. It is apparent that an integral part of the sources of rational antibiotic therapy is surveillance of bacterial resistance. The present study aimed at analyzing the resistance of invasive bacterial pathogens isolated from blood cultures with respect to consumption of antimicrobial agents. The obtained results suggest a worrying situation concerning the resistance of certain invasive bacteria to antimicrobial drugs. Despite reduced consumption of third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, the resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae...
Effect of cyclosporine A and its primary metabolites on circadian blood pressure variation
Petra Halvová, Ivana Kacířová, Hana Brozmanová, Milan Grundmann
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):53-56
Background: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressive agent used after organ transplantation, including renal transplantation. CsA has also been shown to affect blood pressure (BP) diurnal variation by significantly increasing night-time blood pressure. Tight blood pressure control is a key objective in renal transplant patients, and for this purpose ABPM might be a useful tool. The aim of the study was to compare the relationship between blood and lymphocyte concentrations of CsA and its metabolites in patients with “dipping” or “non-dipping” status. Methods: Thirty-one stable renal transplant patients (16...
Main topic
Novel treatment of symptomatic metastatic or locally advanced basal cell carcinoma unsuitable
Lucie Růžičková Jarešová
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):57-61
for surgical treatment of radiotherapy Basal cell carcinoma (basalioma, BCC) is the most frequent non-melanoma skin cancer, with a high incidence, but a low mortality rate. It is locally aggressive, with advanced tumours being capable of significantly destroying the surrounding tissue; however, metastases are very rare. The treatment of BCC depends on the tumour size and type. Surgical treatment is the most common choice. Other options include the administration of liquid nitrogen (cryodestruction) or the administration of imiquimod (Aldara cream). In extensive and destructive foci, Erivedge biological therapy is currently available. It is...
Treatment of the most common herpetic infections and options for herpes zoster prevention
Lucie Růžičková Jarešová
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):62-64
Herpetic infections are caused by herpesviruses and are among very frequent skin conditions. The diseases are caused by DNA viruses that are antigenically homogeneous. Man is the only virus source and host. Seroprevalence of the population is very high, up to 90%. Herpes simplex and varicella are the most common skin conditions. Viruses causing these diseases persist in the ganglia of the nervous system and when the body's defence system is reduced, their reactivation occurs. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes herpes labialis (with HSV1 being the most common causative agent) and genital herpes (with HSV2 being the most common causative agent). The...
Malignant melanoma with BRAF mutation and its treatment options
Eva Harapátová
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):65-68
Malignant melanoma is a tumour with a steadily increasing incidence. There are already more than 20 newly reported melanomas per 100,000 population a year. In the Czech Republic, the incidence of melanoma has increased four-fold in the last 30 years. It accounts for about 5% of all malignant skin cancers and is one of the most malignant tumours there is. It can occur on the skin (90%), the mucosae (1%; in the Asian population 5–8%), or in the eye (3–5%). The principal therapeutic option is surgical treatment; the previously used actinotherapy and systemic chemotherapy (in metastatic disease) have nowadays been replaced by biological...
Aetiopathogenesis and treatment of acne vulgaris
Iva Obstová
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):69-72
This article reviews the pathogenesis, clinical picture, and options of topical and systemic treatment of acne vulgaris. Also presented are the methods of corrective dermatology.
Review articles
Asthma treatment 2015
Václav Špičák
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):73-76
Asthma is one of the noncommunicable chronicrespitatory inflammatory diseases. Asthma represents important social and economic burden. WHO initiated Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). The first strategy of diagnostic, treatment and prevention of asthma was published 1995. Czech Initiative for Athma was established 1996. The implementation of the new strategy was succesful. Mortality for asthma significantly decreased, the hospitalityy for asthma is low and quality of life of asthmatics is better. The 2014 version of Global Strategy on Asthma Management, Global Strategy of diagnostic, treatment and prevention of bronchial asthma represents...
Insulin analogs - an up-to date perspective for type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Rudolf Chlup
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):77-79
This overview comprises principle data on development of the first animal insulins in 1921/22 up to present rapid and longlasting insulin analogs. Based on several American and European trials and also on our own observations we may conclude that insulin analogs should be considdered as first choice insulin preparations for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Advantages of transdermal forms of hormone replacement therapy from the perspective of a gynaecologist
Peter Koliba
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):80-83
The review article on the issue of menopausal hormone therapy focuses on transdermal forms of treatment. In the period of menopause, many metabolic and psychological changes occur that are part of the aging process and can negatively affect the quality of life of women. The mainstay of the treatment of acute vegetative syndrome is hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and, more recently, menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). In the Czech Republic, a number of medications for HRT in various dosage forms are available on the market. This article describes the advantages of transdermal dosage forms in the treatment of climacteric syndrome. The authors...
Current application of rituximab in pharmacotherapy
Dana Syrová
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(2):84-86
Rituximab is the first registered monoclonal antibody in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. It binds to the surface of B-lymphocytes that have CD20 antigen on the surface. It was approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) in 1997 for the treatment of relapsing or refractory follicular lymphoma. The results of further investigations extended its indication to other specialities such as rheumatology and nephrology. Its introduction in the practice represented a turning point in the treatment and changed the patients’ fate, particularly due to its minimal toxicity and higher effect specificity. Targeted monoclonal antibody...