Klinická farmakologie a farmacie č. 4/2020

Redakce

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4)  

Pour féliciter 2021

Karel Urbánek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4):149  

Porovnání DOS a Windows verze MwPharm - farmakokinetického softvéru pro PK/PD monitoring digoxinu

Tibor Porubän, Blanka Kořístková, Milan Grundmann, Ivana Kacířová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4):152-157 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2020.026  

Tribute Czech Clinical Pharmacology Folke Sjöqvist’s overall importance for Clinical Pharmacology

Marja­‑Liisa Dahl, Erik Eliasson

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4):158  

Specifics of Metabolism in Children

Petra Matalová, Michal Buchta

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4):159-166 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2020.027  

The most significant developmental changes in pharmacokinetics relate to drug clearance, which is based primarily on the functionality of the hepatic and renal elimination pathways. Quantitatively, the most important hepatic elimination pathway of phase I metabolism is the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymatic family. The activity of its most important form, CYP3A4, is very low in foetus and newborns, but between 6 and 12 months of age it already reaches 50% of adult values. The catalytic activity of CYP2D6 in the foetal liver is about 1% of the activity in adults, in newborns up to one month it is about 30% and in children up to 5 years about 70%. In CYP2C9,...

Liraglutid in diabetic patients in LEADER study - is there any benefit in patients with heart failure?

Ján Murín, Jozef Bulas, Martin Wavruch

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4):168-170 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2020.028  

GLP-1 receptor agonists are a new class of antidiabetic drugs and there are no data about their effects in heart failure (HF) patients. This problem was investigated in an analysis of LEADER study. This study randomized 9 340 type 2 diabetic patients (1 667 patients, 18% of them with HF symptoms in NYHA classes I,II,III) with high cardiovascular risk into treatment with liraglutide (1.8 mg daily) or with placebo, all patients otherwise with standard antidiabetic treatment. The occurence of major adverse cardiovascular events (nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality and HF hospitalizations) was nonsingificantly...

Isotretinoin in the treatment of acne vulgaris - the role of alternative dosage regimens

Paula Ďuríkova, Jessica Džupová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4):171-174  

Oral isotretinoin revolutionized management of acne vulgaris when it was first introduced in 1982. For almost four decades, it still remains one of the most effective tools in the treatment of acne vulgaris, as it affects all the major etiologic factors of the disease. Efforts to utilize the exceptional therapeutic potential of this drug while minimizing the risk of developing dose-dependent adverse effects has led to a rise of multiple alternative dosage regimens, the use of which extends the spectrum of indications of this drug. The purpose of our review is to provide a description of conventional as well as several alternative dosage regimens, their...

Ceftazidime/avibactam in the therapy of infectius complications in patient with critical burns and inhalation injury

Martin Hladík, Břetislav Lipový, Markéta Hanslianová, Filip Raška, Ivan Suchánek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2020;34(4):175-178  

Management of infectious complications is one of the key aspects of the therapy of patients with burn injuries. Especially patients with severe and critical burns are everyday confronted with various pathogens. Therapy of severe burn injury is long-term and we can observe the increase of antimicrobial resistance in these pathogens which often leads to complicated antimicrobial strategy with limited therapeutical possibilities. Introduction of new antimicriobial drugs is essential. One of the last respresentatives of new antibiotics is ceftazidime/avibactam. Ceftazidime/avibactam is a new member of cefalosporine family with non-betalactam, betalactamase-inhibitor....