Rok 2023 a roky končící číslicí tři

prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Opavský, CSc.

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):3  

Current trends in pharmacotherapy of erectile dysfunction

David Čapka

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):5-9 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2023.001  

Penile erection is a complex physiological process that involves the integration of neural and vascular processes along with an adequate endocrine environment. Erectile dysfunction can affect psychosocial health and have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients and their partner. The article discusses an overview of medication-induced oral, intraurethral and topical treatments. The shift to really effective treatment was brought about by the pharmacotherapy of the end of the last century - i. e. PDE5-i. The adapted treatment strategy depends on invasiveness, efficacy, safety and price as well as on the patient's preferences. With treatment...

What is new in the pharmacotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Jozef Marenčák

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):10-18 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2023.002  

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and ensuing lower urinary tract symptoms is a significant health issue affecting millions of men. Many unanswered questions exist including the role of inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, obesity, and environmental factors in etiology, as well as of therapeutic algorithms in both the prevention and progression of disease. The article provides an overview of current and new pharmacotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Future treatment efforts may utilize more personalized management strategies for this benign disease with a significant negative impact on the quality of life of older men.

Drug interactions of medications used in the therapy of erectile dysfunction with dietary supplements

Josef Suchopár, Štěpán Suchopár, Michal Prokeš

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):19-23 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2023.003  

Herbal products, or food supplements made from them, can lead to drug interactions as well as drugs. However, manufacturers of such food supplements do not point out possible drug interactions. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (iPDE5) inhibitors are widely used drugs, the common feature of which is degradation by the CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 pathways. Inhibitors and inducers of these cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes cause drug interactions of varying severity, and only for some of them is it possible to find a recommended management in the SPC. The aim of the article is to provide basic information about herbal products with the potential to influence pharmacokinetics...

Treatment of urothelial carcinoma bladder cancer

Jana Katolická, Lucia Tomková

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):24-28 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2023.004  

Treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) should follow a risk-stratified approach with transurethral resection (TUR) and intravesical chemotherapy (ChT) or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) in intermediate- and high-risk patients. The use of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer is supported. Cisplatin-containing combination ChT is standard in advanced or metastatic patients fit enough to tolerate cisplatin. Carboplatin-based ChT is recommended in patients unfit for cisplatin. Pembrolizumab or atezolizumab are alternative choices for patients who are PD-L1-positive and not eligible for cisplatin-based ChT....

Finerenone: pharmacological profile

Karel Urbánek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):29-32 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2023.005  

Finerenone is a non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. In addition to the highly selective blockade of the overactivation of this receptor in cardiorenal diseases, it also inhibits the activation of specific cofactors involved in the expression of genes involved in the pathophysiology of inflammation, tissue fibrosis and hypertrophy. It thereby affects one of the three major mechanisms of progression of chronic kidney injury in type 2 diabetes. It is administered at a maintenance dose of 20 mg orally once daily. Its bioavailability is about 43%, volume of distribution 53 l, and binding to plasma albumin 92%. Metabolism of finerenone is...

Flucloxacillin pharmacokinetic properties

Vendula Kubíčková, Vladimíra Vojtová, Karel Urbánek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):34-38 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2023.006  

Flucloxacillin is a semi-synthetic betalactam antibiotic from the group of isoxazolylpenicillins. It differs from oxacillin by the attachment of one fluorine-chlorine atom to the benzene nucleus which improves absorption from the GIT and prolongs its biological half-life. Its bioavailability is 54-79 %, volume of distribution is 0.14 ± 0.14 l/kg, and plasma protein binding is 92-95%. It is only about 10 % metabolised, 75 % excreted by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion with a half-life of 0.75-1.14 h. Dosage ranges from 500 mg every 8 h PO to 2 g every 4 h IV, depending on the severity of the condition and patient characteristics,...

Subcutaneous infliximab in ankylosing spondylitis treatment

Martina Skácelová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2023;37(1):40-43 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2023.007  

Infliximab, a tumor necrosis α inhibitor is newly available in subcutaneous form. This case report describes the case of a young man with ankylosing spondylitis and Crohn's disease who achieved a remission of both diseases after subcutaneous infliximab treatment.