Klin Farmakol Farm. 2015;29(3):129-132

Peritoneal dialysis

Vladimíra Bednářová

Klinika nefrologie Všeobecné fakultní nemocnice a 1. LF UK Praha

Peritoneal dialysis is one of the treatment options for chronic kidney failure. It is the first-choice method of treatment in patients indicated

for deceased-donor kidney transplantation. The principle of this method consists in removing substances and water through

the peritoneum into the dialysis fluid filled into the abdominal cavity. Peritoneal dialysis is self-administered by the patient at home

and there are monthly follow-up visits at the dialysis centre. The dialysis fluid is introduced and removed from the abdominal cavity

manually (the CAPD method) or by using a device (the APD method). A peritoneal catheter is placed permanently in the abdominal

cavity. Peritonitis and fluid retention are the most serious complications. Peritonitis is treated with antibiotics administered intraperitoneally

according to sensitivity. Fluid retention is treated by adjusting the dialysis schedule (the number of exchanges) or by using

solutions with a higher glucose concentration and increasing diuretics. Peritoneal dialysis is suitable for most patients with kidney

failure. It is contraindicated in patients with peritoneal adhesions, those with hernias, or those with poor hygiene habits. The method

provides a better quality of life, the possibility of being independent of the dialysis centre, and freedom to travel, but also requires

the patient’s active approach.

catheter, icodextrine.

Keywords: peritoneal dialysis, chronic renal failure, automated peritoneal dialysis, peritonitis, dialysis fluid, implantation of the peritoneal

Published: December 1, 2015  Show citation