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Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(1):3  

Determination of ampicillin plasma concentrations in single-dose administration for cardiac surgery prophylaxis

Vendula Kubíčková, Petr Šantavý, Karel Urbánek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(1):4-7 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.001  

The aim of this study was to determine the plasma concentration of ampicillin in plasma of patients undergoing myocardial revascularization without extracorporeal circulation and to calculate its basic pharmacokinetic parameters. An HPLC method with UV detection and Luna® Omega Polar C18 Column (250 × 4 mm; 5 µm) utilization was introduced and validated to determine ampicillin concentration. Individual pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated in MW Pharm 3.30 using a one-compartment model. Plasma concentrations of ampicillin were measured in 20 patients at 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, and 180 min after administration and at the end of surgery....

Principles of administration of selected medicinal products from the perspective of students' knowledge

Magdalena Bélová, Martin Krause

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(1):8-12 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.002  

Knowledge about the medicinal products and principals of administering medicinal products are key knowledge and skills, that paramedic students, as future qualified paramedics, should have. This problematics represents an important part of the imaginary chain of survival. It is also correctly chosen pharmacotherapy, which determines destiny of our patients. If we want to give our patients quality and complex care, which respects holistic philosophy, we also need our paramedic students to be educated at schools and universities in the best way. Despite the fact that problematics of administering medicinal products is a quite wide topic. The aim of the...

Treatment of postoperative pain

Jiří Málek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(1):13-18 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.003  

A new definition of pain was published in 2020, which further emphasizes its individual character, the significant influence of emotional and other factors on its intensity and level of suffering, the need to pay increased attention to those who cannot describe their experience verbally, and the negative impact of pain on quality of life. Treatment of acute postoperative pain is one of the essential components of comprehensive care of surgical patients. This is documented by a number of recommendations issued by medical societies on this issue. Reference to the most important ones is given in the list of literature. The basic principles of the approach...

Postoperative nausea and vomiting

Michal Frelich, Ondřej Jor, Vojtěch Vodička, Filip Burša, Eva Kušíková

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(1):19-23 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.004  

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common postoperative complication with overall incidence 30-50%. Inadequately treated PONV increases perioperative morbidity (surgical wound dehiscence, bleeding, dehydration, etc.) including prolongation of post - anesthesia care unit and hospital stay. Ondansetron and dexamethasone are most frequent used drugs in prevention and treatment of PONV. Multimodal approach, combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological prevention, is used for high-risk patients

Antifibrinolytics in cardiac surgery

Roman Hájek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(1):24-28 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.005  

Cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with common activation of whole hemostatic system including fibrinolysis. Antifibrinolytics are the most extensively studied drugs in modern cardiac surgery during the last two decades. There is a strong evidence about their impact on reduction of bleeding and transfusion requirement but some questions about their safety still remain. This article illustrates briefly mechanism of fibrinolysis, effect of aprotinin and lysine analogues and their current place in cardiac surgery.

Physico-chemical properties of colistin and their impact on clinical practice

Jitka Rychlíčková, Vendula Kubíčková

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(1):29-33 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.006  

Colistin, a lipopeptide antibacterial agent, has a narrow-spectrum bactericidal activity only against gram-negative bacteria. It is administered as an inactive prodrug - colistin methanesulphonate, which is spontaneously converted to the active colistin. Its stability is concentration-, temperature-, and pH-dependent; moreover, the type of the carrier solution also plays a role. The stability of the colistin prodrug solutions has several implications for clinical practice, whether in intravenous or inhalation administration. Appropriate storage and properly selected type of test tubes and laboratory equipment are essential in therapeutic drug monitoring...