Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 2022 (vol. 36), issue 4
Main topic
What's new in migraine therapy?
Tomáš Nežádal
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(4):123-128 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.020 
Migraine is one of the most common and most disabling neurological diseases. Migraine treatment is aimed at reducing the intensity and duration of the headache attack itself and other bothersome symptoms, as well as at reducing the number of migraine days. Although some existing principles continue to apply, a significant shift in both acute and prophylactic therapy has been noted. The basic mechanism of the innovative treatment is the influence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor with monoclonal antibodies or small molecules, gepants.
The importance of therapeutic drug monitoring in acyclovir dosage optimization
Ivana Kacířová, Romana Uřinovská, Jiří Sagan
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(4):129-135 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.021
Acyclovir is an antiviral drug used to prevent and treat infections caused by herpes viruses such as herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus. It is intracellularly phosphorylated into triphosphate nucleotides that inhibits viral DNA polymerase. Approximately 5-15 % of acyclovir is metabolized to the main metabolite 9-(carboxymethoxymethyl) guanine (CMMG), the main route of acyclovir elimination is renal excretion, which involves glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion. Accumulation of acyclovir and CMMG may occur in patients with impaired renal function. Acyclovir is often used and has good general tolerance, however, it can cause...
Drug-induced tremors
Pavel Filip, Marek Baláž
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(4):136-139 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.022
Tremor is the most common movement disorder with several potential causes. There is a multitude of drugs utilised in the clinical practice, which may exacerbate or even cause tremor, the most common ones being amiodarone, valproate, dopamine receptor antagonists, lithium, selective serotonin (and norepinephrine) reuptake inhibitors (SSRI/SNRI) and amitriptyline. Drug-induced tremors usually correspond to enhanced physiological tremor, but, depending on the causal drug, the tremor may be a part of drug-induced parkinsonism. The recognition of tremorgenic drugs may help quick diagnosis, avoid unnecessary tests and lead to adequate actions - usually dose...
Review articles
Safety of medication administration by nurses in inpatient healthcare facilities: a review of the literature
Ondřej Tesař, Lucie Malečová, Martin Doseděl, Kateřina Malá-Ládová, Josef Malý
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(4):140-145 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.023
Medication administration by a nurse is one of the riskiest processes in a healthcare facility in which medication error occurs, despite the fact the medication is under the direct control of the healthcare professional. The aim of this work was to create an overview of the published literature and to discuss results regarding medication administration to inpatients by the nurse in healthcare facilities focussing, with emphasis on medication errors related to this activity. During the search, we identified 250 papers in the PubMed database, of which 43 studies met the inclusion criteria, and were used to compile the review. We found medication administration...
Recent advances in research of Silymarin and its components
Jan Soukop, Rostislav Večeřa
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(4):146-149 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.024
Silymarin, a standardized extract from the Silybum marianum fruit, is a proven natural food supplement that is used to support the treatment of a number of pathological conditions of the organism. Metformin administered with silymarin may reduce the development of hepatic steatosis, especially in the prediabetic state. Fenofibrate in combination with silymarin can reduce lipoperoxidation and CYP2E1 expression (and thus ROS production) which contributes to reducing the risk of developing complications of steatosis in the liver. Mechanism of its hypolipidemic effect does not work via activation of PPARα receptors (as it does in the case...
Reinitiation of clozapine treatment
Michaela Mayerová, Libor Ustohal
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(4):150-155 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.025
The article deals with the reinitiation of clozapine treatment after it was discontinued for a reason (mostly because of side effects). Reinitiation is a controversial topic, especially after severe to life-threatening side effects. When is the reiniation possible and how should this be done? We try to provide a summary of relevant information which is available in literature of recent years or in therapeutic guidelines.
Various
Building key competencies in clinical research: CONSCIOUS curriculum projects
Jitka Rychlíčková, Zora Čechová, Kateřina Nebeská, Lenka Součková
Klin Farmakol Farm. 2022;36(4):156-158 | DOI: 10.36290/far.2022.026
The field of non-commercial clinical trials has experienced significant expansion in recent years, especially in the context of precision medicine and individualized treatment. Indeed, non-commercial trials provide a venue for research on questions relevant to clinical practice and offer the opportunity to use innovative clinical trial designs. At the same time, however, non-commercial clinical trials place greater demands on principal investigators and their team members as they extend their position in the study to include the coordination and management role of the sponsor. On the other hand, training in the organization and theory of clinical trials...