Současný pohled na problematiku alergických onemocnění

doc. MUDr. Jiřina Chládková, Ph.D.

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):159  

The relationship between kinetic parameters of 5-fluorouracil and the response

Jiří Grim, Miloš Hroch, Jaroslav Chládek, Jiří Petera, Jiřina Martínková

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):161-166  

to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma Neoadjuvant radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), i.e. chemoradiotherapy (ChRT), is considered a therapeutic standard for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). This open prospective study involved 25 patients with LARC who were administered 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions over 4 to 5 weeks in an ambulatory setting combined with concurrent 5-FU given as a 7-day continuous i.v. infusion at a dose of 200 to 1000 mg/m2.24h-1. Surgery was performed 4-6 weeks thereafter. At the time of writing this paper, two patients were still waiting for surgery....

Potentially inappropriate prescription in elderly patients: comparison of selected quality indicators

Lenka Kostková, Agáta Mačugová, Veronika Drobná, Andrej Dukát, Martin Wawruch

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):167-171  

Aim: The aim of our study was to analyse the prevalence of prescription of potentially inappropriate medications using two lists of such drugs. The sensitivity of both lists to identify potentially inappropriate prescription in a group of elderly patients was compared. Methods: A sample of 566 patients (≥65 years) hospitalized at the Geriatric Department of Regional Hospital Malacky was evaluated. Potentially inappropriate prescription was identified using the American Beers criteria (2003) and the French Laroche list (2007). Results: Potentially inappropriate medication was detected in 128 (22.6%) patients at hospital admission and in...

Current treatment and management of anaphylaxis

Jiřina Chládková

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):172-176  

The prevalence of anaphylaxis in the population is increasing. Drug and insect venom anaphylaxis predominate in adults whereas food allergy is more frequent in children. The probability of a fatal outcome is higher if anaphylaxis occurs in a patient with a history of asthma and in the case of omission of or delay in administering adrenaline injection. Intramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine) is an established first-line therapy for anaphylaxis, in hospital and in the community, and should be given in the anterolateral aspect of the mid-thigh as soon as the condition is recognized. The initial dose recommended for adults is 0.3-0.5 mg whereas...

Allergic rhinitis: clinical aspects and treatment

Irena Krčmová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):177-183  

Allergic rhinitis is among the most common allergic diseases and has been estimated to affect 15-30% of the population. Although rhinitis was once considered to be a medical condition of trivial importance, now it is recognized to affect the quality of life and impair physical and cognitive functioning. Allergic rhinitis should be considered as a possible concomitant diagnosis in all patients with bronchial asthma, recurrent otitis, chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis. The same inflammatory mechanisms and inflammatory cells are present in nasal and bronchial mucosa. Appropriate anti-inflammatory therapy as an important step in the treatment...

Pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma

Václav Špičák

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):184-187  

Bronchial asthma is a complex disease based on a chronic inflammation of the airways. Pharmacotherapy is only one of the management components. Relievers are used as required. The goal of the controllers is to achieve and maintain control of asthma. A written asthma management plan is prepared individually. Appropriate education, correct inhalation technique, understanding of the disease by the patient or parents and optimal lifestyle, including no smoking, are of essential importance.

Interactions of proton pump inhibitors

Jan Gregar, Ivona Šimková, Karel Urbánek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):188-191  

Pharmacokinetic interactions of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can occur mainly during absorption and metabolisation. Important interactions of PPIs are decreased absorption of azole antimycotics, inhibition of metabolism of diazepam and moclobemide, and clopidogrel activation by cytochrome P450 2C19. Inhibition of CYP3A4 can cause an increase in plasma concentrations of tacrolimus. The lowest risk of interactions during metabolism has been found in pantoprazole. During the elimination phase, the excretion of methotrexate can be decreased by inhibition of the proton pump in the renal tubules.

A side effect of calcium channel blockers - ankle oedema. A case report.

Milan Grundmann, Ivana Kacířová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):193-198  

Introduction: Arterial hypertension is present in 60% to 80% of renal transplant recipients. Angiotenzin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are safe and effective and in combination with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) control arterial pressure more adequately than either class alone. Ankle oedema is a common adverse event of CCBs and is responsible for treatment discontinuation or limited patient compliance with antihypertensive treatment and has a deleterious impact on health-related quality of life. Method: A patient after renal transplantation was treated with cyclosporine A and mycophenolate and a combination of five antihypertensive...

Caraway seed-induced anaphylaxis: a case report

Jiřina Chládková

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):199-200  

Patients with food allergy are at great risk of anaphylaxis reaching 30%. Anaphylaxis is not always easy to recognize clinically. It may be mild and may disappear spontaneously or it may be severe and progress within minutes to respiratory or cardiovascular compromise and death. Intramuscular epinephrine is an established first-line therapy for anaphylaxis, in hospital and in the community, and should be given as soon as the condition is recognized. There are no absolute contraindications to administering epinephrine in patients with life-threatening anaphylaxis. Absolute indications for prescribing self-injectable epinephrine are prior cardiorespiratory...

Komentář k článku: Hodnotenie rizika liekov - vývoj terminológie

Jiří Elis

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2011;25(4):201-202