Česká neuropsychofarmakologická společnost slaví 55. výročí

prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc.

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):3  

The choice of antihypertensive treatment in hospitalised geriatric patients

Agáta Argalášová, Veronika Drobná, Lenka Kostková, Andrej Dukát, Ján Murín, Martin Wawruch

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):5-10  

Aim: The aim of the present work was to analyse the use of antihypertensive medications in a sample of hospitalised elderly patients at the time of hospital discharge in relationship to age and comorbid conditions. Methods: The sample of the present study consisted of 515 patients aged ≥65 years with documented arterial hypertension at hospital discharge. The sample was divided according to age into four groups (65-69; 70-74; 75-79; ≥80 years). The use of antihypertensive medications and the prevalence of comorbid conditions, which influence the choice of antihypertensive treatment, were compared among the above-mentioned age...

Comparison of trends in opioid consumption in Slovakia and Czech Republic

Roman Hudec, Milan Kriška, Lýdia Božeková, Viliam Foltán, Viera Kristová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):11-13  

Objective: To assess trends in consumption of strong and weak opioid analgesics during the first decade of the 21st century. Methods: Data were collected from the State Institute for Drug Control in Slovakia. Evaluation was done using the methodology of defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day. The data obtained were compared with those from the Czech State Institute for Drug Control and also comparison with statistics from Norway was done. Resuts: Slovakia has several times higher consumption of strong opioids when compared with the Czech Republic. When evaluating the consumption of strong opioids in particular, Norway is clearly...

Psychopharmacology is now sixty

Oldřich Vinař

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):14-17  

The introduction of modern psychotropic drugs some sixty years ago changed psychiatric care dramatically. Psychotropic drugs enabled psychotherapy to become easier available for patients with symptoms which had interfered with open verbal communication. The research of the mechanisms of action of psychotropic drugs opened the way to investigate the brain functions and cohtributed to the progress of neuroscience. In the last years the development of qualitatively new psychotropics slowed down. A progeress can be expected especially in the introduction of biological methods of the treatment of drug dependence and in combining drug treatment with...

Clinical and theoretical aspects of antipsychotic drugs

Miloslav Kopeček

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):18-29  

Antipsychotics are drugs primarily used for the treatment of schizophrenia, psychosis, aggression and agitation. Some second generation antipsychotics proved their efficacy in prophylactic and acute treatment of manic or depressive phase of bipolar affective disorders, in monotherapy of depressive disorder or as augmentation to antidepressants in anxiety and unipolar depressive disorders. We have to balance efficacy against the risk of antipsychotic use in the elderly.

Antidepressants - from theory to clinical use

Michaela Fujáková, Miloslav Kopeček

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):29-37  

Antidepressants were first introduced to the market nearly 60 years ago. They were initially used to treat depression; however, their potential is currently much broader. The development of biochemical, molecular and cellular techniques to investigate their mode of action helped us to identify the etiology of many other psychopathological processes. In addition to the theoretical knowledge, the clinical usage, possible adverse effects, drug-to-drug interactions as well as indications in specific population groups are discussed in the article. specific population.

Incretin-based therapy and the risk of acute pancreatitis

Ondřej Krystyník, Jaromíra Gajdová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):39-42  

Incretin-based therapy aids in achieving therapeutic goals in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gliptins and GLP-1 receptor agonists represent two different concepts whose effect is based on the effect of incretin hormones, particularly GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1). Both drug groups reduce the levels of glycated haemoglobin and fasting as well as postprandial glycaemia. Gliptins have a neutral effect on body weight while GLP-1 receptor agonists even reduce it. Both groups share a low risk of hypoglycaemic episodes during the course of treatment. The potential risk of developing acute or chronic pancreatitis during incretin-based therapy...

Current oral antidiabetic therapy

Zuzana Vlasáková, Terezie Pelikánová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):43-48  

To address the different underlying defects of pathology of type 2 diabetes, a combined therapy of oral antidiabetic agents is essential. The development of new agents that affect insulin secretion, alpha cell dysfunction, hepatic glucose overproduction and slow down the progression of beta cell failure, could be considered as an additional objective for the management of diabetes. The early and adequate combination therapy could provide a long-term effect on good glycaemic control an reduce diabetic and cardiovascular complication in type 2 diabetic patients.

The MOTUDI study - influencing weight with insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes patients in the Czech Republic

Jindřiška Perušičová a studijní skupina

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2012;26(1):50-54  

Insulin is still considered to be the most effective treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, concerns still remain about gaining weight in association to insulin therapy. In our retrospective survey of 189 patients (105 women and 84 men) with T2DM who were commenced on insulin therapy for poor diabetes control, we looked at the development of their weight and glycated haemoglobin in the first years after switching to insulin. The mean age at diabetes diagnosis in our cohort was 50.7 years and the mean time from manifest diabetes to initiation of insulin therapy was 9.7 years. The patients increased their weight from...