Profesor MUDr. Jiří Lenfeld a jeho význam pro výuku klinické farmakologie

prof. MUDr. Jaroslav Jezdinský, CSc.

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):159  

Bolest nelze v medicínské oblasti podceňovat

Marek Hakl

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):161  

Neuropsychiatric manifestations in digoxin intoxication

Štefan Alušík, Zoltán Paluch, Magdalena Lejsková, Věra Jedličková, Tomáš Adámek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):162-165  

Aim of study: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of neuropsychiatric changes in a group of patients hospitalized with pathological plasma digoxin levels and to correlate these changes with other manifestations of digitalis intoxication. Method: We analyzed clinical and laboratory data including drug therapy data obtained from the medical records of patients hospitalized over the last 36 months. Results: Plasma digoxin levels above 2 ng/ml were seen in 171 patients, clinical manifestations of intoxication were demonstrated in 106 patients, and present in all patients with plasma levels above 3 ng/ml. Neuropsychiatric manifestations...

Systemic oral enzyme therapy after lumbar disc herniation surgery

Lubomír Pekař, Jiří Steindler

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):166-170  

The aim of this open pilot observation was to prove the influence of the long-term oral systemic enzyme therapy (SE) on subjectively perceived pain, disabilities caused by back pain and development of late postoperative complications after lumbar disc herniation surgery. Patients after lumbar disc herniation surgery (n = 100; aver. age 41,99 year, SD ±9,06) were randomly divided into two groups. All patients were administered by analgesics and underwent physiotherapy after surgery. The SE group (n = 50, aver. age = 41,24 year, SD ±9,86) was administered by combined enzyme preparation Phlogenzym (bromelaina 90 mg, trypsinum 48 mg...

Pharmacotherapy of pain

Marek Hakl, Pavel Ševčík

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):171-173  

Pain is a subjective unpleasant sensation. When acute, pain serves its fundamental protective function, alerting the body to possible damage. Chronic pain, however, loses this very function and becomes a disease in itself. Pharmacotherapy is one of the most effective therapeutic options. The main strategies for pain management are derived from the WHO three-step analgesic ladder or, more recently, the „lift system“ has been used. Strong opioids play a major role in the treatment of intense pain. Strict rules have to be followed when these opioids are commenced, used and discontinued. It is the only way to achieve the maximum therapeutic...

Inpatients farmacotherapy of acute pain, overview

Boris Leštianský, Lenka Vocilková, Marek Hakl

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):174-178  

Acute pain may result from injury, trauma, surgery, or medical procedures, and can lead to significant emotional, cognitive, and sensory consequences. Though acute pain, by definition, is short-lived and intensive, it can have significant and detrimental effects on the patient’s quality of life, postoperative period and can lead to chronic pain states if left undertreated. The main goal of this article, is to provide the readers actually perspective of drugs which are used in acute pain management.

Advances in treating chronic pain

Marek Hakl, Pavel Ševčík

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):179-180  

Advances in the pharmacotherapy of acute and chronic pain include new forms of administration of formerly-known and established substances or their combinations with adjuvants to eliminate adverse effects as well as completely new effective molecules. The goal of these innovations is to bring the patient better pain relief with a lower rate of adverse effects and good comfort of use. There have been advances in all groups of analgesics.

Pharmacotherapy of neuropathic pain

Dana Vondráčková

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):181-186  

Pathophysiologically, neuropathic pain (NPP) is one of the types of pain. It can occur alone or together with nociceptive pain, as mixed pain, in tumorous disease as well as for non-tumorous reasons. It is caused by a dysfunction of or damage to neural tissue at various sites, ranging from the periphery to central structures. Neuropathic pain has a typical clinical presentation which is very diverse. An underlying anatomic basis is not invariably found. One neuropathic syndrome may present with different symptoms. The treatment of NPP is difficult and not always successful. Pharmacotherapy is the mainstay of treatment that may help achieve...

Cyclosporin A: pharmacokinetics, monitoring and use of rheumatology

David Suchý, Milan Grundmann

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):187-193  

Cyclosporin–A (CSA) is a cyclic polypeptide with immunosupressant properties. The main use of cyclosporine is immunosuppression for solid organ transplantation, but also in graft versus host disease, bone marrow transplantation and variety of autoimmune disorders eg. rheumatoid artrhrtitis, systemic lupus, psoriasis). Cyclosporin is a specific T-lymfocyte suppressor, primarily acting on T helper cells, with a unique effect on the primary immune response. Its inhibits production of interleukin -2 (IL-2) and other cykokines by activated lymphocytes. Cyclosporin has low water solubility, and its gastrointestinal absorption can be influenced...

Sitagliptin

Ondřej Krystyník

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):194-197  

Sitagliptin is an oral antidiabetic incretin-based drug. It is a specific inhibitor of DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4), which regulates the degradation and the bioactivity of native GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide – 1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide). Sitagliptin is characterized by low incidence of hypoglycemia during the therapy. Sitagliptin reduces mean HbA1c and has a neutral inpact on body weight. Sitagliptin is generally well tolerated, with no significant side effects. Sitagliptin is being used in combination with metformin and thiazonlidindiones. In experimental studies sitagliptin inhibits apoptosis of islets...

Zpráva ze sympozia klinické farmakologie

Ivana Kacířová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2009;23(4):198