Nemoci s bronchiální obstrukcí: současná a perspektivní léčba

prof. MUDr. Vítězslav Kolek, DrSc.

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):63  

Importance of Drug Utilization Studies in Pharmacoepidemiology on Examples of Longitudinal Studies

Eva Tlustá1, Jiří Vlček1,2,3, Andrea Kučerová-Lamková1, Lenka Buriánková1, Zdeněk Vitásek4

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):66-70  

of Proton Pump Inhibitors, Antibiotics and Metformin Drug utilization studies serve as a tool for estimation of drug exposure in population as well as for evaluation of the influence of regulatory interventions, marketing strategies and guidelines on the drug on the market. For drug utilization studies the ATC/DDD methodology is widely used and recommended by the WHO. In our study the database of the SUKL (period 1993–2008) and health insurance company (2006–2007) was used, and consumption of proton pump inhibitors (PPI), antibiotics and metformin was assessed. Drug utilization was expressed as the number of defined daily doses...

Future treatment of asthma

Vratislav Sedlák, Vladimír Koblížek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):71-74  

Despite recent advances of pharmacological industry is asthma persisting severe symptomatic disease in subgroup of patients with difficult-to-control asthma. This is a challenge for ongoing pharmacological research. The key solution for better outcome is to assess phenotype of asthma carefully and combine anti-inflammatory therapies according to particular disease phenotype. This review summarizes results of most promising anti-asthma drugs developed in the last years with presumption of early clinical application.

Role of inhaled anticholinergics in treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Jaromír Musil

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):75-79  

The cholinergic effect on the airways is mediated by muscarinic receptors in the target airway cells. The activation of these receptors in bronchial smooth muscles initiates a cascade of biochemical events that result in bronchoconstriction. Muscarinic receptors also mediate the secretory response to vagal nerve stimulation. Cholinergic agonists have a high secretory activity thereby stimulating the secretion of mucus from the submucosal glands and epithelial goblet cells, the main sources of mucus in the peripheral airways. Therefore, both short- and long-acting anticholinergics are of major significance in the treatment of COPD.

Utilization of inhalational corticosteroids in various types of bronchial obstruction

Vladimír Koblížek, Vratislav Sedlák

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):80-84  

This review article discusses the utilization of inhalational corticosteroids in treatment of the patients with bronchial obstruction. The main indication of inhalational corticosteroids still remains mainly bronchial asthma. In people suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the clinical benefit of inhaled therapy is evident only for some specific phenotypes (in patients with recurrent acute exacerbations, in patients with severe bronchial obstruction, in patients with a higher degree of reversibility of bronchial obstruction and in individuals with the simultaneous chronic obstructive disease and asthma). Topic of many debates...

Role of immunosuppressive therapy in relation to the occurrence of cancer after transplantation

Lucie Kalinová, Jarmila Indráková, Monika Váchalová, Petr Bachleda

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):85-88  

Organ transplantation, a therapeutic method that can solve organ failure providing life saving, or substantial life quality improvement also carry a number of both immunological and non-immunological risks that can lead to serious complications. Increasingly discussed issue is the high incidence of cancer in transplant patients, which is linked to the need to limit nature immune response. The aim of this paper is to provide basic characteristics of selected immunosuppressive drugs role in the occurence and progression of cancer after organ transplantation. We emphasize the specific effect of mTOR inhibitors and their potencial benefit in the...

Tumour necrosis factor: its importance in the pathogenesis and therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases, rheumatoid

Alicja Chýlková, Michal Kolorz, Ladislava Bartošová

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):89-92  

arthritis and other diseases related to immune system disorders Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is an important cytokine involved in a number of processes in the human body. Its importance in physiological processes makes it also possible to induce serious pathological states in cases of disorders of regulation of its secretion. This is the reason why research in this field has been focused on recognition of genetic polymorphisms in the TNF-α gene and in other candidate genes, which could induce particular clinical symptoms or could influence effectiveness of therapy with antagonists of TNF-α. TNF-α antagonists are...

Possibilities of cyclosporine A determination in therapeutic drug monitoring

Ilona Peřinová, Hana Brozmanová, Petra Halvová, Milan Grundmann

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):93-97  

Cyclosporine A (CyA) is a drug with narrow therapeutic range and high interindividual variability. No immunologic tests are known to verify immunosuppressive effect of cyclosporine in clinical practice and that’s why CyA monitoring is limited mainly to determine its concentration in blood. Immunoanalytic methods, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS or LC-MS/MS) are regularly used to determine CyA concentration in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Immunoanalytic methods can analyze a lot of samples in short time and they are easy practicability, but the disadvantage is crossed...

Immunosuppression after kidney transplantation

Ondřej Viklický

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):98-102  

Successful kidney transplantation depends on the quality of the donor organ, surgical procedure and immunosuppressive regimen. Immediately before and shortly after transplantation, induction immunosuppression is used, based on T lymphocyte depletion or blockade of function. In patients at risk of rejection, antithymocyte globulin is used while, in patients at low risk, monoclonal antibody basiliximab against interleukin-2 receptor is used. Long-term immunosuppression mostly consists of a combination of calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus or cyclosporin A) together with mycophenolate mofetil, an inhibitor of purine synthesis, and steroids. When...

Abatacept and it’s use in rheumatoid arthritis

Pavel Horák, Martina Skácelová, Martin Žurek

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):103-105  

Abatacept is a new type of biological drug for rheumatoid arthritis blocking the co stimulation system of T lymphocytes activation CD28-CD80/86 via recombinant molecule CTLA4 and Fc fragment of IgG1. The drug is given in 30 minutes intravenous infusion at the day 0, and then after 2 and 4 weeks following by the maintenance dose every 4 weeks. Abatacept has demonstrated in various populations of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (methotrexate naive, methotrexate failure, anti TNF alpha blocker (s) failure) efficacy in activity and radiographic progression control. It has a favorable safety profile with mild increase in infection frequency....

Lékový bulletin „The medical letter on drugs and therapeutics“ vychází v USA již 52 let - je cenným zdrojem informací pro lékaře a lékárníky

Jaroslav Jezdinský

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):108-109  

Za legendou československé a mezinárodní farmakologie prof. MUDr. Dr.h.c. Helenou Raškovou, DrSc. (*2. 1. 1913 - †13. 4. 2010)

prof. RNDr. Dr.h.c. Jaroslav Květina, DrSc.

Klin Farmakol Farm. 2010;24(2):106-107